學問

See also: 学问 and 学問

Chinese

		learn; study; science learn; study; science; ‑ology	to ask
trad. (學問)		學	問
simp. (学问)		学	问

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xuéwèn

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hok⁶ man⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ho̍k-mun
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ha̍k-būn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁸ mung⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xuéwèn → xuéwen (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ → ㄒㄩㄝˊ ˙ㄨㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syuéwůn
  - Wade–Giles: hsüeh²-wên⁵
  - Yale: sywé-wen
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyue.wenn
  - Palladius: сюэвэнь (sjuevɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən⁵¹/ → /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hok⁶ man⁶
  - Yale: hohk mahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hok⁹ man⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: hog⁶ men⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːk̚² mɐn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ho̍k-mun
  - Hakka Romanization System: hog mun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hog⁶ mun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hok̚⁵ mun⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍k-būn
  - Tâi-lô: ha̍k-būn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hagbun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hak̚²⁴⁻² bun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bun²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hag⁸ mung⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍k mūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚⁴⁻² muŋ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: haewk mjunH

Rime
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	江 (10)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	胡覺切	亡運切
Baxter	haewk	mjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠʌk̚/	/mɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚɔk̚/	/miun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɔk̚/	/miuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨwk̚/	/mun^H/
Li Rong	/ɣɔk̚/	/miuən^H/
Wang Li	/ɣɔk̚/	/mĭuən^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɔk̚/	/mi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xué	wèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok⁶	man⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤruk C.mu[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡruːɡ mɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xué	wèn
Middle Chinese	‹ hæwk ›	‹ mjun^H ›
Old Chinese	/*m-kˁruk/	/*C.mu[n]-s/
English	study; imitate	ask
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	學	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14079	8967
Phonetic component	學	門
Rime group	覺	文
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	學	問
Old Chinese	/*ɡruːɡ/	/*mɯns/
Notes	甲文象習持爻於膝前，金文方加子

Noun

學問

branch of knowledge
死亡學是一門新興的學問。 [MSC, trad.]
死亡学是一门新兴的学问。 [MSC, simp.]
Sǐwángxué shì yī mén xīnxìng de xuéwèn. [Pinyin]
Thanatology is a new branch of knowledge.
learning; knowledge; wisdom; erudition; scholarship
做學問／做学问 ― zuòxuéwèn ― to do scholarly research; to pursue scholarship

賣弄學問／卖弄学问 ― màinòng xuéwèn ― to show off one's knowledge

蘊含博大精深的學問 [MSC, trad.]
蕴含博大精深的学问 [MSC, simp.]
yùnhán bódàjīngshēn de xuéwèn [Pinyin]
to contain profound wisdom
- 種植牛油果看似簡單，但背後學問多得很。 [MSC, trad.]
  种植牛油果看似简单，但背后学问多得很。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 杨文明 (2018 January 8) “云南孟连土地这样流转”, in People's Daily (in Chinese), page 10
  Zhǒngzhí niúyóuguǒ kànsì jiǎndān, dàn bèihòu xuéwèn duō de hěn. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

(scholarship):

學術／学术 (xuéshù)
學識／学识 (xuéshí)
墨水 (mòshuǐ) (figurative)

(knowledge):

心得 (xīndé) (knowledge gained)
所知 (suǒzhī) (literary)
智識／智识 (zhìshí) (literary, or Min Nan and Cantonese)
知識／知识
聞見／闻见 (wénjiàn) (literary)
見聞／见闻 (jiànwén)
見識／见识 (jiànshí)
認識／认识
識見／识见 (shíjiàn) (literary)

Derived terms

做學問／做学问 (zuò xuéwèn)
有學問／有学问 (yǒuxuéwèn)

Related terms

才能 (cáinéng)
才學／才学 (cáixué)
才智 (cáizhì)
智慧 (zhìhuì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
學	問
がく Hyōgaiji	もん Grade: 3
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 學問 – see the following entry.

【学問がくもん】

[noun] study of something; the sum of knowledge accrued by scholars; the realm of refined learning; scholarship

[verb] to study, to engage in scholarship

(This term, 學問, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
學	問

Noun

學問 • (hangmun) (hangeul 학문)

Hanja form^? of 학문 (“study; learning”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
學	問

Noun

學問

chữ Hán form of học vấn (“learning”).

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