不在

Chinese

not; no
 
(located) at; in; exist
(located) at; in; exist; (before verbs) immediately involved in; right in the middle of doing
simp. and trad.
(不在)
不 在

Pronunciation



Rime
Character 不 不 不 在 在
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 幫 (1) 幫 (1) 從 (15) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 尤 (136) 尤 (136) 物 (60) 咍 (41) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Checked (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed Open Open
Division (等) III III III I I
Fanqie 甫鳩切 方久切 分勿切 昨宰切 昨代切
Baxter pjuw pjuwX pjut dzojX dzojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨu/ /pɨuX/ /pɨut̚/ /d͡zʌiX/ /d͡zʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/piu/ /piuX/ /piut̚/ /d͡zəiX/ /d͡zəiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/piəu/ /piəuX/ /piuət̚/ /d͡zɒiX/ /d͡zɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/puw/ /puwX/ /put̚/ /d͡zəjX/ /d͡zəjH/
Li
Rong
/piu/ /piuX/ /piuət̚/ /d͡zᴀiX/ /d͡zᴀiH/
Wang
Li
/pĭəu/ /pĭəuX/ /pĭuət̚/ /d͡zɒiX/ /d͡zɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯ə̯u/ /pi̯ə̯uX/ /pi̯uət̚/ /d͡zʱɑ̆iX/ /d͡zʱɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fōu fǒu fu zài zài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fau1 fau2 fat1 zoi6 zoi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 不 在
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
bù zài
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjuw › ‹ dzojX ›
Old
Chinese
/*pə/ /*[dz]ˁəʔ/
English not be at, be present

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 不 不 不 在 在
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/2 2/2
No. 1025 1029 1048 1064 1065
Phonetic
component
不 不 不 才 才
Rime
group
之 之 物 之 之
Rime
subdivision
0 0 1 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
不 缶 弗 在 載
Old
Chinese
/*pɯ/ /*pɯʔ/ /*pɯ'/ /*zlɯːʔ/ /*zlɯːs/
Notes 象花柎與本同源 中古才促化

Verb

不在

  1. to be not at; to be out (of something)
  2. (euphemistic) to be dead; to have passed away

Usage notes

In the euphemistic sense to be dead, it is usually followed by 了 (le) to indicate a change of state.

Synonyms

  • (to be dead):

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
不 在
ふ
Grade: 4
ざい
Grade: 5
goon

Pronunciation

Noun

不(ふ)在(ざい) • (fuzai) 

  1. absence
    Synonyms: 欠席 (kesseki), 留守 (rusu)
    Antonyms: 在席 (zaiseki), 在宅 (zaitaku)

Derived terms

References

  1. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
不在

Noun

不在 • (bujae) (hangeul 부재)

  1. Hanja form? of 부재 (“absence”).
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