< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/drězga
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *drēˀgskāˀ. Equivalent to *drěgavъ (“murky, turbid”) + *-zgъ + *-a.
Seems to be related with the nasalized *dręzga (“scuffle; dense forest”). Similar alternation between plain and nasalized roots is encountered also in Baltic: compare Lithuanian drėgnas (“damp, wet, moist”) and Latvian drę̂gns (“damp, moist”), Lithuanian drangus (“rainy, bad (for weather)”).[1] Based on Derksen, it could be speculated that all these terms continue Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg-/*dʰreg- (“dark, dim”). Akin to Proto-West Germanic *derk (“dark”), Proto-Celtic *dergos (“crimson”), Tocharian A tärkär/Tocharian B tarkär (“cloud”).
Noun
*drězgà f
- murky, unclear space
- sort of hydrophilic plant (watermilfoil or water-parsnip)
- sliver, splinter
Declension
Declension of *drězga (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *drězga | *drězdzě | *drězgy |
| genitive | *drězgy | *drězgu | *drězgъ |
| dative | *drězdzě | *drězgama | *drězgamъ |
| accusative | *drězgǫ | *drězdzě | *drězgy |
| instrumental | *drězgojǫ, *drězgǫ** | *drězgama | *drězgami |
| locative | *drězdzě | *drězgu | *drězgasъ, *drězgaxъ* |
| vocative | *drězgo | *drězdzě | *drězgy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *drězgavъ (“murky, muddy, unclear”) (doublet of *drěgavъ)
- *drěždžati (“to stand still, to stiffen”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: дрезга́ (drezgá) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: дрезга́ (drezgá, “small murky/dense forest”)
- Macedonian: дрезга (drezga, “water-parsnip”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: дре̑зга, дре̏зга (“watermilfoil”)
- Latin script: drijezga
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: dřiezha
- Polish: drzazga (“splinter”), dial. drzezga
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*drězga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 111
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрезга”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 424
References
- Derksen, Rick (2015) “drėgnas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
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