狼藉
Chinese
| wolf | by means of; in disorder | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (狼藉) |
狼 | 藉 | |
| alternative forms | 狼籍 | ||
Etymology
First attested in Records of the Grand Historian.
Pronunciation
Synonyms
- (disorderly):
- 一塌糊塗／一塌糊涂
- 亂／乱 (luàn)
- 亂七八糟／乱七八糟 (luànqībāzāo)
- 亂雜／乱杂 (luànzá) (literary)
- 凌亂 (língluàn)
- 嘈亂／嘈乱 (cáoluàn) (literary, of sound)
- 大鼎炒狗蟻／大鼎炒狗蚁 (Hokkien)
- 挐亂／挐乱 (Hokkien)
- 擾擾／扰扰 (rǎorǎo)
- 散亂／散乱 (sǎnluàn)
- 有七無八／有七无八 (Hokkien)
- 殽亂／淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
- 混亂／混乱 (hùnluàn)
- 烏七八糟／乌七八糟 (wūqībāzāo)
- 烏哩單刀／乌哩单刀 (Cantonese)
- 無序／无序 (wúxù)
- 狼戾 (Hakka, literary)
- 狼狼戾戾 (Hakka)
- 狼藉 (lángjí)
- 立立亂／立立乱 (lap6 lap6-2 lyun6) (Cantonese)
- 糊塗／糊涂
- 糾紛／纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
- 紊 (wěn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 紛亂／纷乱 (fēnluàn)
- 紊亂／紊乱 (wěnluàn)
- 紛雜／纷杂 (fēnzá) (literary)
- 繚亂／缭乱 (liáoluàn) (formal)
- 肆亂／肆乱 (sìluàn) (literary)
- 荊棘／荆棘 (jīngjí) (literary, figurative)
- 蕪雜／芜杂 (wúzá)
- 雜亂／杂乱 (záluàn)
- 鬼打樣／鬼打样 (Hakka)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 狼 | 藉 |
| ろう Jinmeiyō |
せき > ぜき Hyōgaiji |
| on’yomi | kan’on |
Derived terms
- 狼藉者 (rōzekimono)
Verb
狼藉する • (rōzeki suru) ←らうぜき (rauzeki)?intransitive suru (stem 狼藉し (rōzeki shi), past 狼藉した (rōzeki shita))
- to riot
Conjugation
Conjugation of "狼藉する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 狼藉し | ろうぜきし | rōzeki shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 狼藉し | ろうぜきし | rōzeki shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 狼藉する | ろうぜきする | rōzeki suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 狼藉する | ろうぜきする | rōzeki suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 狼藉すれ | ろうぜきすれ | rōzeki sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 狼藉せよ¹ 狼藉しろ² |
ろうぜきせよ¹ ろうぜきしろ² |
rōzeki seyo¹ rōzeki shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 狼藉される | ろうぜきされる | rōzeki sareru | |
| Causative | 狼藉させる 狼藉さす |
ろうぜきさせる ろうぜきさす |
rōzeki saseru rōzeki sasu | |
| Potential | 狼藉できる | ろうぜきできる | rōzeki dekiru | |
| Volitional | 狼藉しよう | ろうぜきしよう | rōzeki shiyō | |
| Negative | 狼藉しない | ろうぜきしない | rōzeki shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 狼藉せず | ろうぜきせず | rōzeki sezu | |
| Formal | 狼藉します | ろうぜきします | rōzeki shimasu | |
| Perfective | 狼藉した | ろうぜきした | rōzeki shita | |
| Conjunctive | 狼藉して | ろうぜきして | rōzeki shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 狼藉すれば | ろうぜきすれば | rōzeki sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Adjective
狼藉 • (rōzeki) ←らうぜき (rauzeki)?†-tari (adnominal 狼藉とした (rōzeki to shita) or 狼藉たる (rōzeki taru), adverbial 狼藉と (rōzeki to) or 狼藉として (rōzeki to shite))
狼藉 • (rōzeki) ←らうぜき (rauzeki)?†-nari
Inflection
Classical conjugation of "狼藉たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 狼藉たら | ろうぜきたら | rouzekitara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 狼藉と[1] 狼藉たり[2] | ろうぜきと ろうぜきたり | rouzekito rouzekitari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 狼藉たり | ろうぜきたり | rouzekitari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 狼藉たる | ろうぜきたる | rouzekitaru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 狼藉たれ | ろうぜきたれ | rouzekitare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 狼藉たれ | ろうぜきたれ | rouzekitare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 狼藉たらず | ろうぜきたらず | rouzekitarazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 狼藉たれど | ろうぜきたれど | rouzekitaredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 狼藉たれば | ろうぜきたれば | rouzekitareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 狼藉たらば | ろうぜきたらば | rouzekitaraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 狼藉たりき | ろうぜきたりき | rouzekitariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 狼藉たりけり | ろうぜきたりけり | rouzekitarikeri | |
| Adverbial | 狼藉と | ろうぜきと | rouzekito | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
Classical conjugation of "狼藉なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 狼藉なら | ろうぜきなら | rouzekinara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 狼藉に[1] 狼藉なり[2] | ろうぜきに ろうぜきなり | rouzekini rouzekinari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 狼藉なり | ろうぜきなり | rouzekinari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 狼藉なる | ろうぜきなる | rouzekinaru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 狼藉なれ | ろうぜきなれ | rouzekinare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 狼藉なれ | ろうぜきなれ | rouzekinare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 狼藉ならず | ろうぜきならず | rouzekinarazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 狼藉なれど | ろうぜきなれど | rouzekinaredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 狼藉なれば | ろうぜきなれば | rouzekinareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 狼藉ならば | ろうぜきならば | rouzekinaraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 狼藉なりき | ろうぜきなりき | rouzekinariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 狼藉なりけり | ろうぜきなりけり | rouzekinarikeri | |
| Adverbial | 狼藉に | ろうぜきに | rouzekini | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
References
- Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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