凡夫
Chinese
ordinary; every; all ordinary; every; all; whatever; worldly |
husband; man | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (凡夫) |
凡 | 夫 | |
Pronunciation
Noun
凡夫
- (literary) ordinary person; mortal person
- 自古道：「遣泰山輕如芥子，攜凡夫難脫紅塵。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
- Zìgǔ dào: “Qiǎn tàishān qīng rú jièzǐ, xié fánfū nán tuō hóngchén.” [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
自古道：「遣泰山轻如芥子，携凡夫难脱红尘。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (Buddhism) unenlightened person
Synonyms
- (ordinary person):
- 一般人 (yībānrén)
- 世人 (shìrén)
- 世間人／世间人 (Hokkien)
- 人士 (rénshì) (literary)
- 人民 (rénmín)
- 人群 (rénqún)
- 人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
- 俗人 (súrén)
- 俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
- 𫣆人 (Hakka)
- 兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
- 公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
- 凡人 (fánrén)
- 匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
- 四眾人／四众人 (Teochew)
- 士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
- 大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
- 子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
- 家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
- 布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
- 常人 (chángrén)
- 平人 (píngrén) (literary)
- 平常人 (píngchángrén)
- 平民 (píngmín)
- 庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
- 庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
- 斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
- 普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
- 民人 (mínrén) (literary)
- 民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
- 烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
- 白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
- 白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
- 白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
- 白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
- 百姓
- 眾人／众人 (zhòngrén) (literary)
- 萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
- 群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
- 老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
- 良人 (liángrén) (literary)
- 草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
- 草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
- 草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
- 萌 (literary)
- 野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
- 黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
- 黎民 (límín) (literary)
- 黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
- 黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)
Derived terms
- 凡夫俗子 (fánfūsúzǐ)
- 凡夫性
- 肉眼凡夫
Descendants
Further reading
- Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922),
“凡夫” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 凡 | 夫 |
| ぼん Grade: S |
ふ > ぷ Grade: 4 |
| on’yomi | |
Etymology
Probably from Middle Chinese 凡夫 (MC bjom pju, literally “ordinary, common; worldly, mortal + man, person, fellow”).
Usage notes
May be found in some dialects or historical contexts with the reading bonbu.
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 凡 | 夫 |
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