人工

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

		man; person; people	work; worker; skill work; worker; skill; profession; trade; craft; labour
simp. and trad. (人工)		人	工
anagram		工人

Mandarin
(Pinyin): réngōng

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁴ gung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngìn-kûng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): jîn-kang / lîn-kang / jîn-kong / lîn-kong

(Teochew, Peng'im): nang⁵ gang¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶gnin-kon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: réngōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: réngong
  - Wade–Giles: jên²-kung¹
  - Yale: rén-gūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rengong
  - Palladius: жэньгун (žɛnʹgun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan⁴ gung¹
  - Yale: yàhn gūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴ gung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴ gung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngìn-kûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: nginˇ gung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngin² gung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋin¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jîn-kang
  - Tâi-lô: jîn-kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jinkafng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /zin²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zin¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîn-kang
  - Tâi-lô: lîn-kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: linkafng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lin²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jîn-kong
  - Tâi-lô: jîn-kong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jinkofng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zin¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîn-kong
  - Tâi-lô: lîn-kong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: linkofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: nang⁵ gang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nâng kang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnin-kon
  - MiniDict: nyin^去 kon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyin-kon
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲin²² koŋ⁴⁴/

Adjective

人工

(attributive) man-made; artificial
(attributive) human; manual
人工服務／人工服务 ― réngōng fúwù ― human service

Synonyms

(man-made): 人造 (rénzào)

Derived terms

人工受孕 (réngōng shòuyùn)
人工受精 (réngōng shòujīng)
人工呼吸 (réngōng hūxī)
人工增雨 (réngōng zēngyǔ)
人工授精 (réngōng shòujīng)
人工智慧 (réngōng zhìhuì)
人工智能 (réngōng zhìnéng)
人工智障 (réngōng zhìzhàng)
人工林 (réngōnglín)
人工流產／人工流产 (réngōng liúchǎn)
人工湖 (réngōnghú)
人工耳蝸／人工耳蜗 (réngōng ěrwō)
人工製品／人工制品 (réngōng zhìpǐn)
人工語言／人工语言 (réngōng yǔyán)
人工降雨 (réngōng jiàngyǔ)
人工電子耳／人工电子耳 (réngōng diànzǐ'ěr)

Pronunciation 2

	man; person; people	work; worker; skill work; worker; skill; profession; trade; craft; labour
simp. and trad. (人工)	人	工
alternative forms	儂工／侬工 Min Nan
anagram	工人

Mandarin
(Pinyin): réngōng

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁴ gung¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lâng-kang
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶gnin-kon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: réngōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: réngong
  - Wade–Giles: jên²-kung¹
  - Yale: rén-gūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rengong
  - Palladius: жэньгун (žɛnʹgun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan⁴ gung¹
  - Yale: yàhn gūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴ gung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴ gung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâng-kang
  - Tâi-lô: lâng-kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: langkafng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /laŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /laŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /laŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /laŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /laŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnin-kon
  - MiniDict: nyin^去 kon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyin-kon
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲin²² koŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

人工

manual work; labour
man-day
manpower
(Cantonese, Southern Min) pay; salary
加人工 [Cantonese] ― gaa¹ jan⁴ gung¹ [Jyutping] ― to get a pay raise

減人工／减人工 [Cantonese] ― gaam² jan⁴ gung¹ [Jyutping] ― to cut someone's pay
(Southern Min, Wu) worker; labourer; coolie
(Shanghainese) working hours

Synonyms

(manual work; labour): 勞動／劳动 (láodòng), 人力 (rénlì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
人	工
じん Grade: 1	こう Grade: 2
kan’on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じんこー [jìńkóó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑĩŋko̞ː]

Noun

人(じん)工(こう) • (jinkō)

man-made; artificial

Derived terms

人(じん)工(こう)衛(えい)星(せい) (jinkō eisei): artificial satellite
人(じん)工(こう)知(ち)能(のう) (jinkō chinō): artificial intelligence
人(じん)工(こう)言(げん)語(ご) (jinkō gengo): artificial language
人(じん)工(こう)的(てき) (jinkōteki): artificial
人(じん)工(こう)林(りん) (jinkōrin): planted forest

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
人	工

Noun

人工 • (in'gong) (hangeul 인공)

Hanja form^? of 인공 (“artificiality”).

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

人工

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Pronunciation 2

Noun

Synonyms

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

References

Korean

Noun