< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xudъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ksaudás, from Proto-Indo-European *k⁽ʷ⁾sowdós, from *k⁽ʷ⁾sewd- (“to crush, to disperse”), possibly an extension of Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to scratch, to mow”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षुद्र (kṣudra, “small, minute”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšáwdas (“swell of the sea”) and akin to Lithuanian skùsti (“to shave”), Ancient Greek ξύω (xúō, “to shave”), Latin saucius (“hurt, wounded”), Sanskrit क्षुर (kṣurá, “razor”).
Adjective
Declension
Indefinite declension of *xudъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *xudъ | *xuda | *xudo |
| genitive | *xuda | *xudy | *xuda |
| dative | *xudu | *xudě | *xudu |
| accusative | *xudъ | *xudǫ | *xudo |
| instrumental | *xudomь | *xudojǫ | *xudomь |
| locative | *xudě | *xudě | *xudě |
| vocative | *xude | *xudo | *xudo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xuda | *xudě | *xudě |
| genitive | *xudu | *xudu | *xudu |
| dative | *xudoma | *xudama | *xudoma |
| accusative | *xuda | *xudě | *xudě |
| instrumental | *xudoma | *xudama | *xudoma |
| locative | *xudu | *xudu | *xudu |
| vocative | *xuda | *xudě | *xudě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xudi | *xudy | *xuda |
| genitive | *xudъ | *xudъ | *xudъ |
| dative | *xudomъ | *xudamъ | *xudomъ |
| accusative | *xudy | *xudy | *xuda |
| instrumental | *xudy | *xudami | *xudy |
| locative | *xuděxъ | *xudaxъ | *xuděxъ |
| vocative | *xudi | *xudy | *xuda |
Definite declension of *xudъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *xudъjь | *xudaja | *xudoje |
| genitive | *xudajego | *xudyję̇ | *xudajego |
| dative | *xudujemu | *xuději | *xudujemu |
| accusative | *xudъjь | *xudǫjǫ | *xudoje |
| instrumental | *xudyjimь | *xudǫjǫ | *xudyjimь |
| locative | *xudějemь | *xuději | *xudějemь |
| vocative | *xudъjь | *xudaja | *xudoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xudaja | *xuději | *xuději |
| genitive | *xuduju | *xuduju | *xuduju |
| dative | *xudyjima | *xudyjima | *xudyjima |
| accusative | *xudaja | *xuději | *xuději |
| instrumental | *xudyjima | *xudyjima | *xudyjima |
| locative | *xuduju | *xuduju | *xuduju |
| vocative | *xudaja | *xuději | *xuději |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xudiji | *xudyję̇ | *xudaja |
| genitive | *xudъjixъ | *xudъjixъ | *xudъjixъ |
| dative | *xudyjimъ | *xudyjimъ | *xudyjimъ |
| accusative | *xudyję̇ | *xudyję̇ | *xudaja |
| instrumental | *xudyjimi | *xudyjimi | *xudyjimi |
| locative | *xudyjixъ | *xudyjixъ | *xudyjixъ |
| vocative | *xudiji | *xudyję̇ | *xudaja |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “xudъ xuda xudo”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c dårlig, mager (SA 114; PR 138)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “hȗd”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *xȗdъ ‛slab, slaboten, suh’”
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*xȗdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 205
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xudъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 111
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “худо́й”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2012), “худий”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (У – Я), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 219
- Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “худой”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2: (Начать – Я), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 503
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