Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/paportь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From reduplicated root *pa-por- +‎ *-tь with unexpected 'a', from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per- or maybe *p(t)erH-?.

Cognate with Lithuanian papártis, papar̃tis, papartу̃s (“fern”), Latvian papar̂de (“fern”), paparkste, paparksts (“fern”). Also Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Latvian spàrns (“wing”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám (“wing, feather”) (> Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇám), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 n (par^əna)), Proto-Celtic *ɸratis (“fern”) (> Irish raith), Proto-West Germanic *farn (“fern”) (> English fern, Old High German farn).

For the meaning compare Czech čertí péro (“fern”), Ancient Greek πτερίς (pterís, “fern”) (< πτερόν (pterón, “wing”)).

Noun

*pàportь f

fern

Declension

Declension of *pàportь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pàportь	*pàporti	*pàporti
genitive	*pàportī	pàportьju, pàporťu^*	pàportьjь, pàportī^*
dative	*pàporti	*pàportьma	*pàportьmъ
accusative	*pàportь	*pàporti	*pàporti
instrumental	pàportьjǫ, pàporťǭ^*	*pàportьma	*pàportьmī
locative	*pàportī	pàportьju, pàporťu^*	*pàportьxъ
vocative	*paporti	*pàporti	*pàporti

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*pero (“feather”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: папороть (paporotĭ)
  - Belarusian: па́параць (páparacʹ)
    - ⇒ Belarusian: па́паратнік (páparatnik)
  - Russian: па́пороть (páporotʹ)
    - ⇒ Russian: па́поротник (páporotnik)
  - Ukrainian: па́пороть (páporotʹ)
    - ⇒ Ukrainian: па́поротник (páporotnyk)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: папрат (paprat)
- Macedonian: папрат (paprat)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: па̏пра̄т
  
  Latin script: pȁprāt
- Slovene: práprot (< *paprat/*praprat)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kapratie
  - Czech: kapraď (< *paprať)
- Kashubian: parparc, parpac
- Polabian: porport
- Polish: paproć
- Slovak: papraď, kapradie, papradie
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: paproś
  - Upper Sorbian: paproć

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “па́пороть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “папоротник”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 4

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