< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ova

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From the determiner *ovъ. Possibly related to the interjection *uvy.

Determiner

*ova

  1. feminine singular nominative of *ovъ: this new one

Interjection

*ova or *ovo

  1. Used to emphasize or draw attention to something, often with a notch of disappointment: aw! oy!
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old Ruthenian: ов (ov), оу (ou)
      • Ukrainian: овва́ (ovvá)
        • ⇒ Ukrainian: оввакало (ovvakalo)
  • South Slavic:
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: о̏во, е̏во
      Latin script: ȍvo, ȅvo
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: ova
      • ⇒ Old Czech: ova tu, ova neb(o)
      • Czech: ouve
        • ⇒ Czech: ouvech, ouvej, ovej, ovaj
    • Old Polish: owa
      • Polish: owwa; owo, ow (obsolete); owa (dialectal)
    • Old Slovak: óvi

Further reading
  • Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*ova / *ovo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 185
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “овва́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

Etymology 2

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂s. Compare Latin ava (“maternal aunt; wife of uncle”), avus (“grandfather”), avia (“grandmother”), Old Armenian հաւ (haw, “grandfather”), Proto-Germanic *awǭ (> Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐍉 (awō, “grandmother”)).

Noun

*ova f

  1. grandmother
Declension
Declension of *ova (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *ova *ově *ovy
genitive *ovy *ovu *ovъ
dative *ově *ovama *ovamъ
accusative *ovǫ *ově *ovy
instrumental *ovojǫ, *ovǫ** *ovama *ovami
locative *ově *ovu *ovasъ, *ovaxъ*
vocative *ovo *ově *ovy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) Male Female
parent *otъ, *otьcь (“father”)
nursery: *tata		 *mati (“mother”)
nursery: *mama
sibling *bratrъ (“brother”) *sestra (“sister”)
child *synъ (“son”) *dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent – (“grandfather”)
nursery: *dědъ; *nana		 *ova (“grandmother”)
nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild *vъnukъ (“grandson”) *vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) *maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling *strъjь (“paternal uncle”)
nursery: *dada; *lola		 – (“paternal aunt”)
nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling *ujь (“maternal uncle”)
nursery: *dada; *lola		 – (“maternal aunt”)
nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child *netьjь (“nephew”) *nestera (“niece”)
spouse *mǫžь (“husband”) *žena (“wife”)
parent of wife *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother – *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)
  • *ujь (“maternal uncle”)
Descendants
  • West Slavic:
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: wowa
        • ⇒ Upper Sorbian: wowka (“grandmother”), wowcyny (“grandmother's”)
      • Lower Sorbian: wówa (“grandmother”)

Further reading
  • Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*ova”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 184
  • Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1978-94) Historisch-etymolo-gisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache. 5 vols, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
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