< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gyža

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúnˀźjāˀ (“clump”) (possibly *gū́ˀźjāˀ), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *genǵ- or *gunǵ- (“to clump, to curl”) (compare English kink). Cognate with Latvian gũža, Lithuanian gū̃žė (“head of cabbage”) (dial. gū́žė, gųnžỹs (“cabbage sprout; Adam's apple”) (i-stem)). Possibly doubleted by Proto-Slavic *guga (“lump”) (whence Polish guga, dial. Russian гу́гля (gúglja)), formally from Proto-Indo-European *gewg-.

Besides acute reflexes, Lithuanian also exhibit seemingly related terms with grave intonation, e.g. Lithuanian gùnga (“hump”), gùžas (“bump, knot”), gugà (“hunch”).

Noun

*gyža f[1]

  1. stump
    Synonym: *pьňь

Declension
Declension of *gyža (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *gyža *gỳži *gỳžę̇
genitive *gỳžę̇ *gỳžu *gỳžь
dative *gỳžī *gỳžama *gỳžāmъ
accusative *gỳžǫ *gỳži *gỳžę̇
instrumental *gỳžējǫ, *gỳžǭ* *gỳžama *gỳžāmī
locative *gỳžī *gỳžu *gỳžāsъ
vocative *gỳže *gỳži *gỳžę̇
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
  • *gǫzъ, *gǫza (“bump”)
  • *guga (“lump”)
  • *gyčь (“haulm, bud”) (possibly)
  • *guta (“clump; tuber (of plant)”) (possibly)

Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      • Churh Slavonic (Russian recension): гыжа (gyža)
    • Bulgarian: ги́жа (gíža)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ги̏жа, ги̏джа
      Latin script: gȉža, gȉdža
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: hýžě, hýždě
      • Czech: hyže (“tip of the shinbone”)
    • Old Polish: giża (“ham”)
      • Polish: gira (possibly)

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gyža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 224
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гижа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 241
  • “gunžys”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gyža”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 196: “f. jā (a?) ‘stump’”
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