< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/besěda
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Analyzable as *be- + *sědа (“setting”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). The prefix is generally considered to reflect the original meaning of Proto-Slavic *be(z) (“without”), either conveying “exterior, outside” (per Vasmer) or “in complement” (per Snoj).
Further related to Proto-Germanic *hansō (“gathering, summoning, guild”), Latin cōnsidium (“meeting”), Sanskrit उपनिषद् (upaniṣad, “rite, meditation”).
Noun
- (originally) sitting outdoors ⇒ gathering, symposium
- conversation, discussion
Inflection
Declension of *besě̀da (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *besě̀da | *besě̀dě | *besě̀dy |
| genitive | *besě̀dy | *besě̀du | *besě̀dъ |
| dative | *besě̀dě | *besě̀dama | *besě̀damъ |
| accusative | *besě̀dǫ | *besě̀dě | *besě̀dy |
| instrumental | *besě̀dojǫ, *besě̀dǭ** | *besě̀dama | *besě̀damī |
| locative | *besě̀dě | *besě̀du | *besě̀dasъ, *besě̀daxъ* |
| vocative | *besě̀do | *besě̀dě | *besě̀dy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *besědovati (“to converse”)
- *sъbesědьnikъ (“interlocutor”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch, University of Vienna, page 6: “*besẹ̋da”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “besěda -y”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “besẹ̑da”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *besě̋da”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “беседа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “беседа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 44
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