< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kjaukāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kewk-éh₂, from *kewk- (“to elevate, to crook”), contrast with *kuča (“heap”) from *kaukjāˀ, with Proto-Germanic *haugaz (“height, hill”). But regard Albanian çukë (“hill; beak”), Romanian ciucă (“hill”), Romanian cioc (“beak”), Megleno-Romanian cĭucă (“hill”), Aromanian ciucã (“hill”). Due to the regional distribution of the term, some scholars[1] see a Balkan substrate.

Noun

*čuka f[2]

  1. cusp, peak, rock hill

Inflection
Declension of *čuka (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *čuka *čucě *čuky
genitive *čuky *čuku *čukъ
dative *čucě *čukama *čukamъ
accusative *čukǫ *čucě *čuky
instrumental *čukojǫ, *čukǫ** *čukama *čukami
locative *čucě *čuku *čukasъ, *čukaxъ*
vocative *čuko *čucě *čuky
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
  • *čučati (“to be sitting atop”)
  • *čukati (“to hew, to knock”) (possibly)
  • *čukarjь (“hilltop”)
  • *kuka (“hook”)
  • *kuča (“heap”)

Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: чу́ка (čúka)
    • Macedonian: чука (čuka)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: чу̏ка
      Latin script: čȕka

References
  1. Skok, Petar (1971) “Proto-Slavic/čuka”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 340
  2. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čuka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 131
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