Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/ti

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Noun

*ti

the energy or essence of life:
1. life force, mystic energy, the spiritual or supernatural essence of something
2. blood
3. milk

Derived terms

*tikara (“power, strength”)

Descendants

Old Japanese: 霊 (ti, “life force”), 血 (“blood”), 乳 (“milk”)
- Japanese: 霊 (chi, “life force”, archaic, obsolete), 血 (“blood”), 乳 (“milk”)
Proto-Ryukyuan: *ti
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 血 (chī)
  - Kunigami: 血 (chī /⁠tɕíː⁠/)
  - Northern Amami-Oshima: 血 (chī)
  - Okinawan: 血 (chī /⁠tɕîː⁠/)
  - Oki-No-Erabu: 血 (chī /⁠tɕíː⁠/)
  - Southern Amami-Oshima: 血 (chī /⁠tɕîː⁠/)
  - Toku-No-Shima: 血 (tsïï /⁠tsˀɨ́ː⁠/)
  - Yoron: 血 (chī /⁠tɕìː⁠/)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 血 (tsïï)
  - Yaeyama: 血 (tsïï /⁠tsɨ̂ː⁠/)
  - Yonaguni: 血 (chī /⁠tɕˀíː⁠/)

Etymology 2

**Proto-Japonic numbers ^(edit)**
← 1	← 10	1,000	10,000 →
Cardinal: *ti

Numeral

*ti

thousand

Derived terms

*tintəri (“thousands of birds; plover”)

Descendants

Old Japanese: 千 (ti)
- Japanese: 千 (chi)

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