< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stelaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
According to Kroonen & Lubotsky (2009), from Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”) (compare e.g. Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar), Shughni сӗрт (“to steal, sneak”), Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”)).[1] The supposed metathesis *ts > *st has no exact parallels, but a similar development appears in *spenô (“nipple”), from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”). Numerous other etymologies with semantic or phonetic difficulties have been earlier proposed as well.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈste.lɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *stelaną (strong class 4)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *stelō | *stelaų | — | *stelai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *stilizi | *stelaiz | *stel | *stelazai | *stelaizau |
| 3rd singular | *stilidi | *stelai | *steladau | *steladai | *stelaidau |
| 1st dual | *stelōz | *stelaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *steladiz | *stelaidiz | *steladiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *stelamaz | *stelaim | — | *stelandai | *stelaindau |
| 2nd plural | *stilid | *stelaid | *stilid | *stelandai | *stelaindau |
| 3rd plural | *stelandi | *stelain | *stelandau | *stelandai | *stelaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *stal | *stēlį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *stalt | *stēlīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *stal | *stēlī | |||
| 1st dual | *stēlū | *stēlīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *stēludiz | *stēlīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *stēlum | *stēlīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *stēlud | *stēlīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *stēlun | *stēlīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *stelandz | *stulanaz | |||
Synonyms
Related terms
- *stalōną
- *stullōną
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus with Lubotsky, Alexander (2009) “Proto-Indo-European *tsel- 'to sneak' and Germanic *stelan- 'to steal, approach stealthily'”, in Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, volume 14
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stelan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 476
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*stelanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 374
- Seebold, Elmar (1970) “STEL-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 468
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