陸梁

Lingnan

In "Correct Meanings of the Historian's Records" (史記正義), Zhang Shoujie implies that the toponym originates from the local peoples' ethnonym, for which he proposes an apparently folk-etymology:

嶺南之人多處山陸其性強梁故曰陸梁 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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岭南之人多处山陆其性强梁故曰陆梁 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: 8th century, 張守節, 史記正義

lǐngnán zhī rén duō chù shānlù qí xìng qiángliáng gù yuē lùliáng [Pinyin]

Peoples in Lingnan mostly dwell in the mountainous inland (lù "陸"); they are naturally strong and violent (qiángliáng "強梁"); hence the appellation Lùliáng ("陸梁")

陸梁

1. (literary) jumping, leaping, or prancing appearance

   • 譬猶鷇卵，始生翰毛，而便陸梁放肆，顧行吠主。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     譬犹𬆮卵，始生翰毛，而便陆梁放肆，顾行吠主。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 2nd–3rd century, 陳琳 (Chen Lin), 檄吳將校部曲文 (Proclamation to the Generals, Officers, and Troops of Wu)

     Pìyóu kòu luǎn, shǐ shēng hàn máo, ér biàn lùliáng fàng sì, gù xíng fèi zhǔ. [Pinyin]

     (Sun Quan) is just like (a bird) newly hatched from egg, who has just begun to sprout his long and hard feathers; yet he leaps around at his convenience, without restraint, and impudently, merely behaving (like a dog) barking at his master.

陸梁

1. (historical) Lingnan (the region south of the Nanling Mountains)

   • 三十三年，發諸嘗逋亡人、贅婿、賈人略取陸梁地，為桂林、象郡、南海，以適遣戍。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     三十三年，发诸尝逋亡人、赘婿、贾人略取陆梁地，为桂林、象郡、南海，以适遣戍。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Sānshísān nián, fā zhū cháng būwáng rén, zhuìxù, gǔrén lüè qǔ Lùliáng dì, wéi Guìlín, Xiàng Jùn, Nánhǎi, yǐ shì qiǎnshù. [Pinyin]

     In the 33rd year, (Qin Shi Huang) dispatched the once-absconders, the grooms who stayed in their brides' households, and the merchants to invade and take lands of Luliang, where the commanderies of Guilin, Xiang and Nanhai were established, and criminals were exiled to garrison.

• 嶺南／岭南 (Lǐngnán)