胡虜

See also: 胡虏

Chinese

		barbarian; recklessly; surname	take captive
trad. (胡虜)		胡	虜
simp. (胡虏)		胡	虏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): húlǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ㄌㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴ lou⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: húlǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄌㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: húlǔ
  - Wade–Giles: hu²-lu³
  - Yale: hú-lǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwuluu
  - Palladius: хулу (xulu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wu⁴ lou⁵
  - Yale: wùh lóuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴ lou⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴ lou⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹ lou̯¹³/

Middle Chinese: hu luX

Rime
Character	胡	虜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	戸吳切	郎古切
Baxter	hu	luX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/luo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/luo^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/lo^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/lɔ^X/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/lo^X/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/lu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/luo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	lǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁴	lou⁵

Noun

胡虜

(historical) “Northern Barbarians” (non-Chinese ethnic groups living to China's north)
- 臣聞漢興以來，胡虜數入邊地，小入則小利，大入則大利。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  臣闻汉兴以来，胡虏数入边地，小入则小利，大入则大利。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE
  Chén wén Hàn xīng yǐlái, húlǔ shuò rù biāndì, xiǎo rù zé xiǎo lì, dà rù zé dà lì. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 壯志飢餐胡虜肉，笑談渴飲匈奴血。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 12th century, Yue Fei, 滿江紅·寫懷
  Zhuàngzhì jī cān húlǔ ròu, xiàotán kě yǐn Xiōngnú xuè. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

北狄 (Běidí)

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