洗濯
Chinese
| to wash; to bathe | rinse; to cleanse | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (洗濯) | 洗 | 濯 | |
| simp. #(洗濯) | 洗 | 濯 | |
Pronunciation
Verb
洗濯
- (literary) to wash
- 造錦既成，須要取這江水再加洗濯，能使顏色倍加鮮明。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1627, 馮夢龍 (Feng Menglong), 《醒世恆言》 (Stories to Awaken the World)
- Zào jǐn jì chéng, xū yào qǔ zhè jiāngshuǐ zài jiā xǐzhuó, néng shǐ yánsè bèijiā xiānmíng. [Pinyin]
- Making brocades requires rinsing them with the water from a river to make the colors even brighter.
造锦既成，须要取这江水再加洗濯，能使颜色倍加鲜明。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, figurative) to wash off; to clear oneself of (opprobrium, stigma, guilt, etc.)
- 民既窮瘁，吏亦震恐，各知咎殃，將自洗濯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 蘇轍 (Su Zhe), 《齊州祈雨青辭》
- Mín jì qióng cuì, lì yì zhènkǒng, gè zhī jiù yāng, jiāng zì xǐzhuó. [Pinyin]
- The people are exhausted and distressed, and the officials are afraid and worried. They know that calamity will ensue, and thus clear themselves of suffering.
民既穷瘁，吏亦震恐，各知咎殃，将自洗濯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Japanese
Laundry.
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 洗 | 濯 |
| せん Grade: 6 |
たく Grade: S |
| kan’on | |
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 洗 | 濯 |
| せん Grade: 6 |
だく Grade: S |
| kan’on | goon |
Pronunciation
Verb
洗濯する or 洗濯する • (sentaku suru or sendaku suru) suru (stem 洗濯し (sentaku shi), past 洗濯した (sentaku shita))
Derived terms
- 洗濯機 (sentakuki, “washing machine”)
- 洗濯板 (sentakuita, “washboard”)
- 洗濯石鹸 (sentakusekken, “laundry soap”)
- 洗濯屋 (sentakuya, “laundry (place or room where laundering is done)”)
- 洗濯挟み (sentakubasami, “clothespin, clothes peg”)
- 洗濯物 (sentakumono, “washing, laundry (that which needs to be, is being, or has been laundered)”)
- 洗濯表示 (sentakuhyōji, “laundry symbol”)
- 洗濯乾燥機 (sentakukansōki, “washer-dryer”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "洗濯する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 洗濯し | せんたくし | sentaku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 洗濯し | せんたくし | sentaku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 洗濯する | せんたくする | sentaku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 洗濯する | せんたくする | sentaku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 洗濯すれ | せんたくすれ | sentaku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 洗濯せよ¹ 洗濯しろ² |
せんたくせよ¹ せんたくしろ² |
sentaku seyo¹ sentaku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 洗濯される | せんたくされる | sentaku sareru | |
| Causative | 洗濯させる 洗濯さす |
せんたくさせる せんたくさす |
sentaku saseru sentaku sasu | |
| Potential | 洗濯できる | せんたくできる | sentaku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 洗濯しよう | せんたくしよう | sentaku shiyō | |
| Negative | 洗濯しない | せんたくしない | sentaku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 洗濯せず | せんたくせず | sentaku sezu | |
| Formal | 洗濯します | せんたくします | sentaku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 洗濯した | せんたくした | sentaku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 洗濯して | せんたくして | sentaku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 洗濯すれば | せんたくすれば | sentaku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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