法律

Chinese
law law
simp. and trad.
(法律)		 法 律
anagram 律法

Etymology

Attestable in Classical Chinese. Popularised from Japanese 法律(ほうりつ) (hōritsu).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • huag4 lug8 - Shantou;
  • huah4 luh8 - Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Hat Yai.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai)
        • Wugniu: 7faq-liq
        • MiniDict: fah入 lih
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4faq-liq
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /faʔ³³ liɪʔ⁴⁴/
      • (Suzhou)
        • Wugniu: 7faq-liq8
        • MiniDict: fah入 lih入
        • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /fɑʔ⁴⁴ liɪʔ⁴⁴/
Rime
Character 法 律
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 凡 (148) 諄 (52)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 方乏切 呂卹切
Baxter pjop lwit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨɐp̚/ /liuɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piɐp̚/ /lʷit̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piɐp̚/ /ljuet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puap̚/ /lwit̚/
Li
Rong		 /piɐp̚/ /liuĕt̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭwɐp̚/ /lĭuĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯wɐp̚/ /li̯uĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fa lǜ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 faat3 leot6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 法 律 律
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fǎ lǜ lǜ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjop › ‹ lwit › ‹ lwit ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[p.k]ap/ /*[r]ut/ /*[r]ut/
English model, law law, rule (n.) 不律 writing brush (pron. in Wú 吳 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 法 律
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 2867 15978
Phonetic
component		 法 聿
Rime
group		 盍 物
Rime
subdivision		 1 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 法 律
Old
Chinese		 /*pqab/ /*rud/
Notes 說文灋省文

Noun

法律

  1. law (body of binding rules and regulations) (Classifier: 部 m)
    制定法律  ―  zhìdìng fǎlǜ  ―  to make laws
    執行法律／执行法律  ―  zhíxíng fǎlǜ  ―  to enforce the law
    訴諸法律／诉诸法律  ―  sùzhū fǎlǜ  ―  to resort to the law
    觸犯法律／触犯法律  ―  chùfàn fǎlǜ  ―  to break the law
    詮釋法律／诠释法律  ―  quánshì fǎlǜ  ―  to interpret the law
    法律條文／法律条文  ―  fǎlǜ tiáowén  ―  legal provision
    法律推理  ―  fǎlǜ tuīlǐ  ―  legal reasoning
    適用法律／适用法律  ―  shìyòng fǎlǜ  ―  applicable law
    法律法規／法律法规  ―  fǎlǜ fǎguī  ―  laws and regulations
    採取法律行動／采取法律行动  ―  cǎiqǔ fǎlǜ xíngdòng  ―  to take legal action
    法律面前人人平等。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Fǎlǜ miànqián rénrén píngděng. [Pinyin]
    All men are equal before the law.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (法律):

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
法 律
ほう
Grade: 4		 りつ
Grade: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation
    • (Tokyo) ほーりつ [hòórítsú] (Heiban – [0])
    • IPA(key): [ho̞ːɾʲit͡sɨᵝ]

    Noun

    法(ほう)律(りつ) • (hōritsu) 

    1. The field, profession, and study of law. The rule of law.
      Synonym: 法学
      政治(せいじ)より法律(ほうりつ)を学(まな)びたい。
      Seiji yori hōritsu o manabitai.
      I would rather study law than politics.
      法律(ほうりつ)事務所(じむしょ)
      hōritsu jimusho
      a law firm/office
    2. A statute. An act of a legislature.
      その法律(ほうりつ)は不当(ふとう)だ。
      Sono hōritsu wa futō da.
      That law is unjust.

    Synonyms

    References
    • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

    Korean
    Hanja in this term
    法律

    Noun

    法律 • (beomnyul) (hangeul 법률)

    1. Hanja form? of 법률 (“law”).

    Vietnamese
    chữ Hán Nôm in this term
    法律

    Noun

    法律

    1. chữ Hán form of pháp luật (“law”).
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