欃槍

Chinese
Santalum album; comet
 
gun; firearm; rifle
gun; firearm; rifle; spear
trad. (欃槍/攙搶) 欃/攙 槍/搶
simp. (欃枪) 欃 枪

Etymology

Unclear. The form 欃槍 was the one preferred by the Erya (《爾雅》). The Han-era writer Sima Xiangru (2nd century BCE) used the word in a 賦 (“rhymed prose”), where both forms, 欃槍/攙搶, were attested in different editions of the same text.

攬欃槍以為旌兮，靡屈虹而為綢。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
揽欃枪以为旌兮，靡屈虹而为绸。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Sima Xiangru (司馬相如), 2nd century BCE. The Supreme One (《大人賦》).
Lǎn chánchēng yǐ wéi jīng xī, mí qūhóng ér wéi tāo. [Pinyin]
He grasps a comet to adorn his flag, and cuts off a rainbow arc as flagpole.

The Guangyun (《廣韻》) suggests an alliterative (雙聲) reading of the form 攙搶 (MC tsrhaem tshjang|tsrhjangX|tshjangX) < 攙搶 (OC *sʰraːm sʰaŋ/sʰaŋʔ/sʰraŋʔ), which is corroborated by the parallel alliteration of 屈虹 (MC kjut kaewngH) < 屈虹 (OC *klud kroːŋs) at the matching position in the next line.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 欃 槍
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 崇 (20) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 咸 (151) 庚 (109)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 士咸切 楚庚切
Baxter dzream tsrhaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʒˠɛm/ /t͡ʃʰˠæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖ͡ʐᵚæm/ /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʒɐm/ /t͡ʃʰaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖ͡ʐəɨm/ /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨjŋ/
Li
Rong		 /d͡ʒɐm/ /t͡ʃʰɐŋ/
Wang
Li		 /d͡ʒɐm/ /t͡ʃʰɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɖ͡ʐʱăm/ /ʈ͡ʂʰɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chán chēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 caam4 cang1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 欃 槍
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 1224 1147
Phonetic
component		 毚 倉
Rime
group		 侵 陽
Rime
subdivision		 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 讒 鎗
Old
Chinese		 /*zrɯːm/ /*sʰraːŋ/

Noun

欃槍

  1. (obsolete, literary, chiefly poetic) comet

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 彗星 (“comet”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 彗星, 彗, 帚星, 欃槍, 掃星
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 彗星
Mandarin Beijing 掃帚星
Taiwan 掃帚星, 掃把星
Langfang 掃帚星
Tangshan 掃帚星
Cangzhou 掃帚星
Xianxian (Xiaoying) 掃帚星
Baoding 掃帚星
Shijiazhuang 掃帚星
Daming 掃帚星
Ulanhot 掃把星
Tongliao 掃把星
Chifeng 掃帚星
Bayanhot 掃帚星
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 掃把星
Harbin 掃帚星
Wuchang (Yingchengzi) 掃帚星
Yantai (Muping) 掃帚星
Qingdao 掃帚星
Weifang (Weicheng) 掃帚星
Weifang (Fangzi) 掃帚星
Weifang (Hanting) 掃帚星
Changyi 掃帚星
Gaomi 掃帚星
Zhucheng 掃帚星
Anqiu 掃帚星
Changle 掃帚星
Linqu 掃帚星
Qingzhou 掃帚星
Shouguang 掃帚星
Rizhao 掃帚星
Wulian 掃帚星
Jinan 掃帚星
Luoyang 掃帚星
Wanrong 掃帚星
Zhengzhou 掃帚星
Xi'an 掃帚星
Dingbian 掃帚星
Yinchuan 掃帚星
Lanzhou 掃帚星
Xining 掃帚星
Ürümqi 掃帚星
Wuhan 掃帚星
Chengdu 掃把星
Nanbu 掃把星
Guiyang 掃把星
Kunming 掃把星
Guilin 掃帚星
Guilin (Lingui) 彗星
Liuzhou 掃把星
Liuzhou (Luorong) 彗星
Nanning (Fujian) 掃星
Nanning (Wuming) 掃把星
Yizhou 掃把星
Tianlin (Langping) 火星
Yongzhou 掃帚星
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 掃把星
Xuzhou 掃帚星
Yangzhou 掃帚星
Nanjing 掃帚星
Nantong 掃帚星
Qimen (Anling Junhua) 掃把星
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 掃帚星
Dagudi (Maliba) 笤帚星
Reshuitang (Longling) 掃把星
Mae Salong (Lancang) 掃把星
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 掃帚星
Oudomxay 掃帚星
Cantonese Guangzhou 掃把星, 彗星
Hong Kong 掃把星, 彗星
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 掃把星
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 掃把星
Macau 掃把星
Guangzhou (Panyu) 掃把星, 彗星
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 掃把星
Guangzhou (Conghua) 星賴屎
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 掃扒星
Foshan 掃把星
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 鬼火
Foshan (Shunde) 掃把星
Foshan (Sanshui) 掃把星
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 彗星
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 掃把星
Zhongshan (Chongkoumen Tanka) 掃把星
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 掃把星
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 掃把星
Zhuhai (Doumen) 掃桿星
Jiangmen (Baisha) 掃把星
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 掃把星
Taishan 掃把星
Kaiping (Chikan) 掃桿星
Enping (Niujiang) 掃桿星
Heshan (Yayao) 彗星
Dongguan 掃把星, 彗星
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 彗星
Shaoguan 掃把星
Yunfu 掃把星
Yangjiang 掃把星, 掃宅星
Xinyi 掃把星
Lianjiang 掃把星
Nanning 掃把星
Nanning (Tanka) 掃把星
Wuzhou 掃把星
Yulin 掃桿星
Hepu (Lianzhou) 掃把星
Hepu (Shatian) 掃桿星
Guiping 掃把星
Guiping (Jintian) 彗星, 掃把星
Guiping (Jiangkou) 掃把星
Guiping (Madong) 掃把星
Pingnan (Danzhu) 掃把星
Mengshan (Xihe) 掃把星
Guigang (Nanjiang) 掃把星
Beiliu (Tangliao) 掃把星
Baise 掃把星
Bobai 掃把星
Lingshan 彗星
Pubei 彗星
Qinzhou 彗星
Beihai 掃把星
Beihai (Nankang) 掃把星
Beihai (Yingpan) 掃把星
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 掃把星
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 掃把星
Ningming 彗星
Hengzhou 掃把星
Hezhou (Pumen) 掃星
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 掃把星
Chongzuo (Laituan) 魂頭星
Fusui (Qujiu) 魂頭星, 掃把星
Pingle (Majia) 掃把星
Pingle (Shuishan) 掃把星
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 彗星, 掃桿把星
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 掃把星
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 掃把星
Móng Cái 掃把星
Yangon (Taishan) 掃把星
Bangkok (Guangfu) 彗星
Gan Nanchang 掃帚星
Pengze 掃帚星
Lichuan 掃帚星
Pingxiang 掃把星
Liuyang 掃把星
Hakka Meixian 祛把星
Xingning 掃把星
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 掃把星
Huidong (Daling) 星瀉屎
Dongguan (Qingxi) 掃把星
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 掃把星
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 掃把星
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 彗星
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 掃把星
Wuhua (Huacheng) 桿掃星, 掃把星
Wuhua (Changbu) 人殃頭
Wuhua (Mianyang) 出人殃
Nanxiong (Zhuji) 掃把星
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 掃把星
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 天星過位
Conghua (Lütian) 彗星
Changting 掃帚星
Wuping 掃把星
Wuping (Pingyu) 星瀉屎
Liancheng 掃把星
Liancheng (Peitian) 桿掃星
Ninghua 桿掃星
Yudu 掃星
Ruijin 芒掃星
Shicheng 桿掃星
Shangyou (Shexi) 芒掃星
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 掃把星, 長尾星
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 掃把星, 長尾星
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 掃把星
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 掃把星
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 掃把星
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 掃把星
Hong Kong 掃把星
Luchuan (Daqiao) 掃把星
Bobai (Shahe) 彗星, 掃把星
Bobai (Longtan) 掃把星
Bobai (Lingping) 掃把星
Beiliu (Tang'an) 掃把星
Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang) 彗星
Xingye (Gaofeng) 掃把星
Mashan (Pianlian) 彗星
Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) 掃把星
Senai (Huiyang) 掃把星
Pontianak (Meixian) 掃把星
Bangkok (Jiexi) 彗星
Huizhou Jixi 笤帚星, 掃帚星
Tunxi 笤帚星
Qimen (Anling Minhua) 掃帚星
Jin Taiyuan 掃帚星, 掃星
Pingyao 掃帚星
Datong 掃帚星
Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) 掃帚星
Xinzhou 掃帚星
Taibus (Baochang) 亮星
Linhe 掃帚星
Jining 掃帚星
Liangcheng 掃帚星
Hohhot 掃帚星
Baotou 掃帚星
Dongsheng 掃帚星
Haibowan 掃帚星
Zhangjiakou 彗星
Handan 掃帚星
Northern Min Jian'ou 掃帚星
Eastern Min Fuzhou 掃帚星, 筅帚星
Fuqing 掃帚星
Southern Min Xiamen 掃帚星, 拖尾星, 歹星
Quanzhou 掃帚星
Jinjiang 掃帚星
Yongchun 掃帚星, 賊星
Zhangzhou 掃帚星, 長尾星, 疶屎星, 落屎星, 反亂星, 反星
Dongshan 掃帚星
Taipei 疶屎星, 掃帚星
New Taipei (Sanxia) 掃帚星
Kaohsiung 掃帚星
Yilan 掃帚星, 落屎星
Changhua (Lukang) 掃帚星
Taichung 掃帚星
Tainan 掃帚星
Hsinchu 掃帚星, 疶屎星
Kinmen 掃帚星
Penghu (Magong) 掃帚星
Penang (Hokkien) 長尾星
Singapore (Hokkien) 掃帚星
Pingnan (Shangdu) 彗星
Chaozhou 掃帚星
Shantou 掃帚星
Shantou (Chenghai) 掃帚星
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 掃帚星
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 掃帚星
Jieyang 掃帚星
Haifeng 掃茜星
Bangkok (Teochew) 彗星
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 彗星
Pontianak (Teochew) 掃帚星
Leizhou 掃帚星
Haikou 掃把星
Wanning 掃把星
Puxian Min Putian 掃帚星
Xianyou 掃帚星
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 掃帚星
Sanxiang 掃把星
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 掃把星
Nanning (Shajing) 彗星
Nanning (Xiuxiang) 掃把星
Nanning (Sucun) 掃把星
Binyang 彗星
Binyang (Xinqiao) 掃把星
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 掃巴星
Guilin (Chaoyang) 彗星
Guilin (Dongbianzhou) 彗星
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 掃把星
Guilin (Dabu) 流流星
Guilin (Qianjing) 掃桿星
Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) 掃把星, 彗星
Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui) 彗星
Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) 掃桿星
Lingchuan (Sanjie) 掃鼓星
Lingchuan (Gaoqiao) 掃管子星
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 掃把星
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 掃把星
Pingle (Zhangjia) 掃把星
Yangshuo (Jima) 彗星
Liucheng (Yangmei) 彗星
Luocheng (Niubi) 星子飆弓
Waxiang Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 掃帚星
Luxi (Liangjiatan) 掃帚星
Chengbu (Xuntou) 掃帚星
Wu Shanghai 彗星, 掃帚星
Shanghai (Chongming) 掃帚星
Suzhou 掃帚星
Wuxi 掃帚星
Danyang 掃帚星
Hangzhou 掃帚星
Hangzhou (Fuyang) 彗星
Ningbo 掃帚星
Wenzhou 搽掃星, 妖星
Longquan 掃帚星
Jinhua 掃帚星, 笤帚星
Xiang Changsha 掃把星
Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) 掃把星
Loudi 掃帚星
Hengshan (Baiguo) 彗星
Quanzhou 彗星
Guanyang (Wenshi) 彗星
Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao) 掃把星
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