爾雅

Chinese

		thus; so; like that thus; so; like that; you; thou	elegant
trad. (爾雅)		爾	雅
simp. (尔雅)		尔	雅

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Ěryǎ

(Zhuyin): ㄦˇ ㄧㄚˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵ ngaa⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Ní-ngá

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Ěryǎ [Phonetic: éryǎ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄦˇ ㄧㄚˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Ěryǎ
  - Wade–Giles: Êrh³-ya³
  - Yale: Ěr-yǎ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Eelyea
  - Palladius: Эря (Erja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁵ ngaa⁵
  - Yale: yíh ngáh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵ ngaa⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵ nga⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ní-ngá
  - Tâi-lô: Ní-ngá
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nyngar
  - IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋã⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: nyeX ngaeX

Rime
Character	爾	雅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	兒氏切	五下切
Baxter	nyeX	ngaeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇ^X/	/ŋˠa^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛ^X/	/ŋᵚa^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjɛ^X/	/ŋa^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiə̆^X/	/ŋaɨ^X/
Li Rong	/ȵie^X/	/ŋa^X/
Wang Li	/ȵʑǐe^X/	/ŋa^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑie̯^X/	/ŋa^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ěr	yǎ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji⁵	ngaa⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə][r]ʔ N-ɢˤraʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*njelʔ ŋraːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	爾	爾	雅
Reading #	2/3	3/3	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ěr	ěr	yǎ
Middle Chinese	‹ nye^X ›	‹ nye^X ›	‹ ngæ^X ›
Old Chinese	/*n[ə][r]ʔ/	/*n[ə][r]ʔ/	/*N-ɢˁraʔ/
English	(adv. suffix)	you(r)	proper, refined
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	爾	雅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2817	14182
Phonetic component	爾	牙
Rime group	歌	魚
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	爾	雅
Old Chinese	/*njelʔ/	/*ŋraːʔ/
Notes	說文尒聲，甲金文象檷初文，取林義光說

Proper noun

爾雅

Erya (the oldest surviving Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia known)

Adjective

爾雅

(literary) standard; correct
(literary) upright; righteous
(literary) elegant; gentle; refined; cultured

Derived terms

溫文爾雅／温文尔雅 (wēnwén'ěryǎ)
爾雅溫文／尔雅温文
雍容爾雅／雍容尔雅
風流爾雅／风流尔雅

Japanese

Kanji in this term
爾	雅
じ Jinmeiyō	が Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiɡa̠]

Proper noun

爾(じ)雅(が) • (Jiga)

Erya (the oldest surviving Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia known)

Korean

Hanja in this term
爾	雅

Proper noun

爾雅 • (Ia) (hangeul 이아)

Hanja form^? of 이아 (“Erya”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
爾	雅

Proper noun

爾雅

chữ Hán form of Nhĩ Nhã (“Erya”).

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