束縛

See also: 束缚

Chinese
 
bunch; (a measure word); to bind
bunch; (a measure word); to bind; to control
 to bind; to tie
trad. (束縛) 束 縛
simp. (束缚) 束 缚

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 束 縛 縛
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26) 並 (3) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 燭 (8) 戈 (95) 藥 (108)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed Closed
Division (等) III I III
Fanqie 書玉切 符臥切 符钁切
Baxter syowk baH bjak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕɨok̚/ /buɑH/ /bʉɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕiok̚/ /buɑH/ /bʷiɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕiok̚/ /buɑH/ /biuɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕuawk̚/ /bwaH/ /buak̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiok̚/ /buɑH/ /biuak̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭwok̚/ /buɑH/ /bĭak̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯wok̚/ /bʱuɑH/ /bʱiwak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shu bò fó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 suk1 bo6 fok6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 束 縛
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shù fù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syowk › ‹ bjak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-tʰok/ /*bak/
English bind; bundle bind (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 束 縛 縛
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 11893 3409 3493
Phonetic
component		 束 甫 甫
Rime
group		 屋 暮 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 束 縛 縛
Old
Chinese		 /*hljoɡ/ /*baːɡs/ /*baɡ/

Verb

束縛 (transitive)

  1. (literary, literal) to bind; to tie up
  2. (figurative) to restrict; to constrain
    束縛思想／束缚思想  ―  shùfù sīxiǎng  ―  to restrict thoughts
    解除束縛／解除束缚  ―  jiěchú shùfù  ―  to lift constraints

Synonyms

Japanese
Kanji in this term
束 縛
そく
Grade: 4		 ばく
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) そくばく [sòkúbákú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [so̞kɯ̟ᵝba̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

束(そく)縛(ばく) • (sokubaku) 

  1. restraint, shackles

Verb

束(そく)縛(ばく)する • (sokubaku suru) suru (stem 束(そく)縛(ばく)し (sokubaku shi), past 束(そく)縛(ばく)した (sokubaku shita))

  1. restrain, shackle

Conjugation
Conjugation of "束縛する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 束縛し そくばくし sokubaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 束縛し そくばくし sokubaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 束縛する そくばくする sokubaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 束縛する そくばくする sokubaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 束縛すれ そくばくすれ sokubaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 束縛せよ¹
束縛しろ²		 そくばくせよ¹
そくばくしろ²		 sokubaku seyo¹
sokubaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 束縛される そくばくされる sokubaku sareru
Causative 束縛させる
束縛さす		 そくばくさせる
そくばくさす		 sokubaku saseru
sokubaku sasu
Potential 束縛できる そくばくできる sokubaku dekiru
Volitional 束縛しよう そくばくしよう sokubaku shiyō
Negative 束縛しない そくばくしない sokubaku shinai
Negative continuative 束縛せず そくばくせず sokubaku sezu
Formal 束縛します そくばくします sokubaku shimasu
Perfective 束縛した そくばくした sokubaku shita
Conjunctive 束縛して そくばくして sokubaku shite
Hypothetical conditional 束縛すれば そくばくすれば sokubaku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
束縛

Noun

束縛 • (sokbak) (hangeul 속박)

  1. Hanja form? of 속박 (“restraining”).
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