承る
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 承 |
| うけたまわ Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 受け賜る |
Etymology
Compound of 受ける (ukeru, “to receive”) + 賜る (tamawaru, “to be granted”), with alternative (irregular) spelling as 受け賜る.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) うけたまわる [ùkétámáwáꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [5])[2][3][4]
- (Tokyo) うけたまわる [ùkétámáwárú] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
- IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝke̞ta̠ma̠ɰᵝa̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "承る"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
承る | うけたまわる | [ùkétámáwáꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 承れ | うけたまわれ | [ùkétámáwáꜜrè] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 承られる | うけたまわられる | [ùkétámáwáráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 承らせる | うけたまわらせる | [ùkétámáwáráséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 承れる | うけたまわれる | [ùkétámáwáréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 承ろう | うけたまわろー | [ùkétámáwáróꜜò] |
| Negative | 承らない | うけたまわらない | [ùkétámáwáráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 承らなかった | うけたまわらなかった | [ùkétámáwáráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 承ります | うけたまわります | [ùkétámáwárímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 承った | うけたまわった | [ùkétámáwáꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 承って | うけたまわって | [ùkétámáwáꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 承れば | うけたまわれば | [ùkétámáwáꜜrèbà] |
Verb
承る • (uketamawaru) transitive godan (stem 承り (uketamawari), past 承った (uketamawatta))
- (humble) to receive
- (humble) to read, to look over (from the sense of receiving a letter or document)
- (humble) to hear, to listen to, to be told
- 承りましょう
- uketamawarimashō
- I'll listen to you respectfully
- 承りましょう
- (humble) to consent to, to agree to, to accept (such as a command or instruction)
- (rare, honorific) to speak, to say (said of someone else, never of oneself)
Usage notes
- This is one of the two verbs with longest kanji reading (5 morae) うけたまわ.る uketamawa.ru, along with the verb 慮る (omonpakaru). The only other common kanji with a 5-morae reading are the nouns 志 (kokorozashi) and 詔 (mikotonori), while no jōyō kanji have readings of 6 or more morae. (Also see 謀 (hakarigoto))
- This unusually long reading is due to 承る being a single character for a compound verb, one component of which has a long reading (alternative spelling as 受け賜る (uketamawaru), hence (1+1)+3=5; compare common 受け付ける (uketsukeru).
Conjugation
Conjugation of "承る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 承ら | うけたまわら | uketamawara |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 承り | うけたまわり | uketamawari |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 承る | うけたまわる | uketamawaru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 承る | うけたまわる | uketamawaru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 承れ | うけたまわれ | uketamaware |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 承れ | うけたまわれ | uketamaware |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 承られる | うけたまわられる | uketamawarareru |
| Causative | 承らせる 承らす |
うけたまわらせる うけたまわらす |
uketamawaraseru uketamawarasu |
| Potential | 承れる | うけたまわれる | uketamawareru |
| Volitional | 承ろう | うけたまわろう | uketamawarō |
| Negative | 承らない | うけたまわらない | uketamawaranai |
| Negative continuative | 承らず | うけたまわらず | uketamawarazu |
| Formal | 承ります | うけたまわります | uketamawarimasu |
| Perfective | 承った | うけたまわった | uketamawatta |
| Conjunctive | 承って | うけたまわって | uketamawatte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 承れば | うけたまわれば | uketamawareba |
Classical conjugation of "承る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 承ら | うけたまはら | uketamafara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 承り | うけたまはり | uketamafari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 承る | うけたまはる | uketamafaru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 承る | うけたまはる | uketamafaru |
| Realis (已然形) | 承れ | うけたまはれ | uketamafare |
| Imperative (命令形) | 承れ | うけたまはれ | uketamafare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 承らず | うけたまはらず | uketamafarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 承れど | うけたまはれど | uketamafaredo |
| Causal conjunction | 承れば | うけたまはれば | uketamafareba |
| Conditional conjunction | 承らば | うけたまはらば | uketamafaraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 承りき | うけたまはりき | uketamafariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 承りけり | うけたまはりけり | uketamafarikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 承りつ | うけたまはりつ | uketamafaritu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 承りぬ | うけたまはりぬ | uketamafarinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 承れり 承りたり | うけたまはれり うけたまはりたり | uketamafareri uketamafaritari |
| Volitional | 承らむ | うけたまはらむ | uketamafaramu |
Synonyms
Synonyms
- (receive, humble): 頂く (いただく, itadaku)
- (receive, not humble): 受ける (うける, ukeru), 貰う (もらう, morau)
- (read, humble): 拝読 (はいどく, haidoku)
- (read, not humble): 読む (よむ, yomu)
- (look over, humble): 拝見 (はいけん, haiken)
- (look over, not humble): 見る (みる, miru)
- (hear, humble): 伺う (うかがう, ukagau)
- (hear, not humble): 聞く (きく, kiku)
- (consent): 承諾 (しょうだく, shōdaku)
- (accept): 受諾 (じゅだく, judaku), 引き受ける (ひきうける, hikiukeru)
- (say, honorific): 仰る (おっしゃる, ossharu)
- (say, not honorific): 言う (いう, iu)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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