読む

Japanese
Kanji in this term
読
よ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
讀む (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "読む"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 読む よ​む [yóꜜmù]
Imperative (命令形) 読め よ​め [yóꜜmè]
Key constructions
Passive 読まれる よまれ​る [yòmáréꜜrù]
Causative 読ませる よませ​る [yòmáséꜜrù]
Potential 読める よめ​る [yòméꜜrù]
Volitional 読もう よも​ー [yòmóꜜò]
Negative 読まない よま​ない [yòmáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 読まなかった よま​なかった [yòmáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 読みます よみま​す [yòmímáꜜsù]
Perfective 読んだ よ​んだ [yóꜜǹdà]
Conjunctive 読んで よ​んで [yóꜜǹdè]
Hypothetical conditional 読めば よ​めば [yóꜜmèbà]

Verb

読(よ)む • (yomu) transitive godan (stem 読(よ)み (yomi), past 読(よ)んだ (yonda))

  1. to read (look at and interpret written text)
    この本(ほん)を読(よ)みたいです。
    Kono hon o yomitai desu.
    I want to read this book.
  2. to read (speak aloud written text)
    これなんて読(よ)む？
    Kore nan te yomu?
    How do you say this?
  3. to infer; to speculate
    相手(あいて)の手(て)の内(うち)を読(よ)む
    aite no te no uchi o yomu
    to guess the opponent's plan
    相手(あいて)の出方(でかた)を読(よ)みそこねた
    aite no dekata o yomisokoneta
    We could not read their intentions.
  4. to count
    票(ひょう)を読(よ)む
    hyō o yomu
    to count votes

Conjugation
Conjugation of "読む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 読ま よま yoma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 読み よみ yomi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 読む よむ yomu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 読む よむ yomu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 読め よめ yome
Meireikei ("imperative") 読め よめ yome
Key constructions
Passive 読まれる よまれる yomareru
Causative 読ませる
読ます		 よませる
よます		 yomaseru
yomasu
Potential 読める よめる yomeru
Volitional 読もう よもう yomō
Negative 読まない よまない yomanai
Negative continuative 読まず よまず yomazu
Formal 読みます よみます yomimasu
Perfective 読んだ よんだ yonda
Conjunctive 読んで よんで yonde
Hypothetical conditional 読めば よめば yomeba

Derived terms

See also

References
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
  1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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