必ず

Japanese

Kanji in this term
必
かなら
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Etymology

/kari narazu/ → /karunarazu/ → /kanːarazu/ → /kanarazu/

Shift from 仮(かり)ならず (kari narazu), itself from 仮 (kari, “temporary”) + ならず (narazu, “not becoming”), the negative continuative form of なる (naru, “to become”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) かならず [kànárázú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠na̠ɾa̠zɨᵝ]

Adverb

必(かなら)ず • (kanarazu) 

  1. absolutely, categorically, certainly, definitely, surely
    Synonyms: 絶対に (zettai ni), 無条件に (mujōken ni)
    • 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa":
      サヌアにて我(われ)々(われ)は、「夜(よる)は必(かなら)ず明(あ)ける」と唱(とな)える学(がく)生(せい)らの声(こえ)を聞(き)いた。
      Sanua nite wareware wa, “yoru wa kanarazu akeru” to tonaeru gakusei-ra no koe o kiita.
      In Sanaa, we heard the students who chanted, "The night must come to an end."
  2. inevitably, invariably, without fail, necessarily, always
    Synonym: 必然的に (hitsuzen-teki ni)

Derived terms

  • 必(かなら)ずしも (kanarazu shi mo)
  • 必(かなら)ずとも (kanarazu to mo)
  • 必(かなら)ずも (kanarazu mo)
  • 必(かなら)ずや (kanarazu ya)

Proverbs

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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