弟子
Chinese
| younger brother | child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (弟子) |
弟 | 子 | |
| alternative forms | 弟仔 Northern Min | ||
| anagram | 子弟 | ||
Pronunciation
Noun
弟子
- disciple; follower
- 子曰：「若聖與仁，則吾豈敢？抑為之不厭，誨人不倦，則可謂云爾已矣。」公西華曰：「正唯弟子不能學也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Zǐyuē: “Ruò shèng yǔ rén, zé wú qǐ gǎn? Yì wèi zhī bùyàn, huì rén bùjuàn, zé kě wèi yún ěr yǐ yǐ.” Gōngxī huá yuē: “Zhèng wéi dìzǐ bùnéng xué yě.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said: "How dare I presume to be sagely and humane? I merely strive to become such without being disappointed, to teach people without being tired; this much can be said of me." Gongxi Hua said: "This is just what (we) disciples and pupils cannot learn to."
子曰：「若圣与仁，则吾岂敢？抑为之不厌，诲人不倦，则可谓云尔已矣。」公西华曰：「正唯弟子不能学也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal Mandarin, Northern Min, dialectal Wu) younger brother
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
- (disciple):
- 學師仔／学师仔 (hok6 si1 zai2) (Cantonese)
- 學徒／学徒 (xuétú)
- 學徒工／学徒工 (xuétúgōng)
- 學生／学生 (xuéshēng)
- 師仔／师仔 (Hokkien, Taishanese)
- 師仔工／师仔工 (Hokkien)
- 師哥／师哥 (Longyan Min)
- 師囝／师囝 (Teochew)
- 徒工 (túgōng)
- 徒弟 (túdì)
- 徒弟伢子 (dou2 di4 nga2 zr) (Xiang)
- 徒弟娃兒／徒弟娃儿 (tu2 di4 war2) (Sichuanese)
- 門人／门人 (ménrén)
- 門徒／门徒 (méntú)
- 門生／门生 (ménshēng) (literary)
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 弟 | 子 |
| てい Grade: 2 |
し Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi | |
From Middle Chinese 弟子 (MC dejX tsiX). Probably the initial borrowing.
Noun
弟子 • (teishi)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 弟 | 子 |
| で Grade: 2 |
し Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi | |
Appears to be a shift from teishi above. This is now the most common reading for the disciple, apprentice sense.
Alternative forms
- (honorific) お弟子 (o-deshi)
Noun
弟子 • (deshi)
- an apprentice, a disciple
- Kore Yamazaki, “第1篇 April showers bring May flowers. [Composition 1: April showers bring May flowers.]”, in [魔法使いの嫁](The Ancient Magus Bride) [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 20:
- 君を魔法使いの弟子として歓迎するよ 死の愛し仔…いや チセ
- Kimi o boku no deshi to shite kangeisuru yo Surei Bega… Iya Chise
- You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleih Beggey… I mean, Chise
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 弟 | 子 |
| おと Grade: 2 |
こ > ご Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi | |
Compound of 弟 (oto, “younger”, cognate with 弟 (otōto, “younger brother”), itself from oto + 人 (hito, “person”)) + 子 (ko, “child”).[2] The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [o̞to̞ɡo̞]
Synonyms
(youngest child):
(December):
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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