商販

Chinese

		commerce; consult	deal in; trade in; to peddle deal in; trade in; to peddle; to sell
trad. (商販)		商	販
simp. (商贩)		商	贩

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shāngfàn

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤㄈㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ faan^3-2
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): siong-hoàn / siang-hoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹ huang³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shāngfàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shangfàn
  - Wade–Giles: shang¹-fan⁴
  - Yale: shāng-fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shangfann
  - Palladius: шанфань (šanfanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ fän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng¹ faan^3-2
  - Yale: sēung fáan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ faan^3-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ fan^3-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ faːn³³⁻³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong-hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: siong-huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sionghoaxn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³ huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huan²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang-hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: siang-huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sianghoaxn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huan²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siang¹ huang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang huàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ²¹³/

Middle Chinese: syang pjonH

Rime
Character	商	販
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	式羊切	方願切
Baxter	syang	pjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨɐŋ/	/pʉɐn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɐŋ/	/pʷiɐn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɑŋ/	/piuɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨaŋ/	/puan^H/
Li Rong	/ɕiaŋ/	/piuɐn^H/
Wang Li	/ɕĭaŋ/	/pĭwɐn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯aŋ/	/pi̯wɐn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shāng	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng¹	faan³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋ pans/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	商
Reading #	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shāng
Middle Chinese	‹ syang ›
Old Chinese	/*s-taŋ/
English	estimate; business; trader
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	商	販
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11097	2973
Phonetic component	商	反
Rime group	陽	元
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	商	販
Old Chinese	/*hljaŋ/	/*pans/

Noun

商販

(countable) small retailer; peddler (Classifier: 名 m; 位 m; 個／个 m)

Verb

商販

(Classical, intransitive) to do business; to trade
- 悅商販而不務本貨，則民偷處而不事積聚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  悦商贩而不务本货，则民偷处而不事积聚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Guanzi, 5^th century BCE to 220 CE
  Yuè shāngfàn ér bù wù běnhuò, zé mín tōuchù ér bù shì jījù. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 世祖時，其國人商販京師，自云能鑄石為五色瑠璃，於是採礦山中，於京師鑄之。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  世祖时，其国人商贩京师，自云能铸石为五色瑠璃，于是采矿山中，于京师铸之。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wei Shou, Book of Wei, 551 – 554 CE
  Shìzǔ shí, qí guó rén shāngfàn jīngshī, zì yún néng zhù shí wèi wǔsè liúlí, yúshì cǎikuàng shān zhōng, yú jīngshī zhù zhī. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

交易 (jiāoyì)
做生意 (zuò shēngyi)
做生理 (Hokkien, Teochew, Hakka)
做買賣／做买卖 (zuò mǎimài)
吃生意飯／吃生意饭 (⁷chiq ¹san-i-ve) (Wu)
吃生意飯／吃生意饭 (⁷chiq ¹san-i-ve) (Shanghainese)
從商／从商 (cóngshāng)
營商／营商 (yíngshāng)
經商／经商 (jīngshāng)
行商 (xíngshāng)

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