於是

See also: 于是

Chinese

		in; at; to in; at; to; from; by; than; out of; surname	be; yes; this
trad. (於是)		於	是
simp. (于是)		于	是

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yúshì

(Zhuyin): ㄩˊ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu¹ si⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): u-sī / ir-sǐ / û-sī

(Teochew, Peng'im): i¹ si⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yúshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˊ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yúshìh
  - Wade–Giles: yü²-shih⁴
  - Yale: yú-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yushyh
  - Palladius: юйши (jujši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyu¹ si⁶
  - Yale: yū sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy¹ si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu¹ xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː⁵⁵ siː²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: u-sī
  - Tâi-lô: u-sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: usi
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /u⁴⁴⁻³³ si³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /u⁴⁴⁻²² si²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ir-sǐ
  - Tâi-lô: ir-sǐ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ³³ si²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û-sī
  - Tâi-lô: û-sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: usi
  - IPA (Xiamen): /u²⁴⁻²² si²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: i¹ si⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: i sĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³³⁻²³ si³⁵/

Middle Chinese: 'jo dzyeX

Rime
Character	於	是
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	央居切	承紙切
Baxter	'jo	dzyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨʌ/	/d͡ʑiᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɔ/	/d͡ʑiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiɔ/	/d͡ʑjɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨə̆/	/d͡ʑiə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ʔiɔ/	/ʑie^X/
Wang Li	/ĭo/	/ʑǐe^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯wo/	/ʑie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yū	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu¹	si⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ʔ]a [d]eʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qa djeʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	於	是
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjo ›	‹ dzye^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ]a/	/*[d]eʔ/
English	at (locative preposition)	this
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	於	是
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	15812	11645
Phonetic component	於	是
Rime group	魚	支
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	於	是
Old Chinese	/*qa/	/*djeʔ/
Notes		金文從早從止，馬敘倫謂正加射的。按象對準目標行進，表所行正確

Conjunction

於是

so; hence; thus; therefore; thereupon; consequently; as a result

Synonyms

乃末 (Shanghainese)
以故 (yǐgù) (Classical Chinese)
以是 (yǐshì) (Classical Chinese)
因此 (yīncǐ)
因而 (yīn'ér)
從而／从而 (cóng'ér)
所以
故 (gù) (literary)
故此 (gùcǐ)
故而 (gù'ér)
於是乎／于是乎 (yúshìhū) (literary)
是以 (shìyǐ) (literary)
是故 (shìgù) (literary)
此以 (cǐyǐ) (literary)
為此／为此 (wèicǐ)

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