啄む

Japanese
Kanji in this term
啄
ついば
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Etymology

⟨tuki1 pamu⟩ → /tukʲipamu/ → /t͡suĩfamu/ → /t͡suibamu/

Shift from a compound of 突き (tsuki, stem form of verb 突く (tsuku), “to prick, stab”) +‎ 食む (hamu, “to eat”).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ついば​む [tsùíbáꜜmù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝiba̠mɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

啄(ついば)む • (tsuibamu) transitive godan (stem 啄(ついば)み (tsuibami), past 啄(ついば)んだ (tsuibanda))

  1. to pick at, peck at

Conjugation
Conjugation of "啄む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 啄ま ついばま tsuibama
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 啄み ついばみ tsuibami
Shūshikei ("terminal") 啄む ついばむ tsuibamu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 啄む ついばむ tsuibamu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 啄め ついばめ tsuibame
Meireikei ("imperative") 啄め ついばめ tsuibame
Key constructions
Passive 啄まれる ついばまれる tsuibamareru
Causative 啄ませる
啄ます		 ついばませる
ついばます		 tsuibamaseru
tsuibamasu
Potential 啄める ついばめる tsuibameru
Volitional 啄もう ついばもう tsuibamō
Negative 啄まない ついばまない tsuibamanai
Negative continuative 啄まず ついばまず tsuibamazu
Formal 啄みます ついばみます tsuibamimasu
Perfective 啄んだ ついばんだ tsuibanda
Conjunctive 啄んで ついばんで tsuibande
Hypothetical conditional 啄めば ついばめば tsuibameba

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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