名字

Chinese
personal name courtesy name
trad. (名字) 名 字
simp. #(名字) 名 字
alternative forms 名子

Etymology

Combination of 名 (míng, “given name”) and 字 (zì, “courtesy name, given to an individual at adulthood”). Originally two different types of names in ancient China, in modern Chinese the two characters form a single word.

Pronunciation

Noun

名字

  1. name
    起名字  ―  qǐ míngzi  ―  to come up with a name
  2. full name (of a person)
    你叫什麼名字？／你叫什么名字？  ―  Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?  ―  What's your name?
  3. given name
    他姓陳，名字叫華清。 [MSC, trad.]
    他姓陈，名字叫华清。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā xìng chén, míngzi jiào huá qīng. [Pinyin]
    His last name is Chen, and his given name is Huaqing.
    我忘記怎麼拼寫你的名字來著。 [MSC, trad.]
    我忘记怎么拼写你的名字来着。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ wàngjì zěnme pīnxiě nǐ de míngzì láizhe. [Pinyin]
    I've forgotten how to spell your name.

Synonyms
  • (name):
  • (full name): (literary or Min Nan, Hakka) 名姓 (míngxìng), 全名 (quánmíng), 姓名 (xìngmíng)
  • (given name): 名 (míng)

Descendants
  • Wutunhua: minze

Japanese
Kanji in this term
名 字
みょう
Grade: 1		 じ
Grade: 1
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
苗字

Pronunciation

Noun

名(みょう)字(じ) • (myōji) ←みやうじ (myauzi)?

  1. surname, family name

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean
Hanja in this term
名字

Noun

名字 • (myeongja) (hangeul 명자)

  1. Hanja form? of 명자 (“the characters of one's name, fame”).

Okinawan

Etymology
Kanji in this term
名 字
のー
Grade: 1		 じ
Grade: 1
on’yomi
Kanji in this term
名 字
みょー
Grade: 1		 じ
Grade: 1
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
苗字

Cognate to Japanese 名字 (みょうじ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /mjoːd͡ʑi/, /noːd͡ʑi/

Noun

名(みょー)字(じ) or 名(のー)字(じ) (myōji or nōji) 

  1. surname, family name, last name

References
  • “みょーじ【名字・苗字】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  • “のーじ【名字・苗字】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  • “ミョージ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
  • “ノージ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
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