< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bēgen-
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
From *bēg (“lord, master”) + *-en-.
Conjugation
Conjugation of *bēgen- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *bēgenmek | |||||||
| participle | present | *bēgengen, bēgenigme, bēgenür | ||||||
| past | *bēgentük, bēgenmiš | |||||||
| future | *bēgenteči, bēgenmekči, bēgensik, bēgeneček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *bēgenme, bēgenig, bēgengü | |||||||
| way of doing | *bēgeniš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *bēgenür ben | *bēgenür sen | *bēgenür | *bēgenür biz | *bēgenür siz | *bēgenür | |
| past | simple | *bēgentim | *bēgentiŋ | *bēgenti | *bēgentik, bēgentimiz | *bēgentiŋiz | *bēgenti | |
| inferential | *bēgenmiš ben | *bēgenmiš sen | *bēgenmiš | *bēgenmiš biz | *bēgenmiš siz | *bēgenmiš | ||
| future | simple | *bēgenteči ben, bēgenmekči ben, bēgeneček ben | *bēgenteči sen, bēgenmekči sen, bēgeneček sen | *bēgenteči, bēgenmekči, bēgeneček | *bēgenteči biz, bēgenmekči biz, bēgeneček biz | *bēgenteči siz, bēgenmekči siz, bēgeneček siz | *bēgenteči, bēgenmekči, bēgeneček | |
| predictive | *bēgengey ben | *bēgengey sen | *bēgengey | *bēgengey biz | *bēgengey siz | *bēgengey | ||
| necessitive | *bēgensikim | *bēgensikiŋ | *bēgensik | *bēgensikimiz | *bēgensikiŋiz | *bēgensik | ||
| conditional | *bēgensem, bēgenser ben | *bēgenseŋ, bēgenser sen | *bēgense, bēgenser | *bēgensek, bēgensemiz, bēgenser biz | *bēgenseŋiz, bēgenser siz | *bēgenseler, bēgenser | ||
| optative | *bēgengey ben | *bēgengey sen | *bēgengey | *bēgengey biz | *bēgengey siz | *bēgengey | ||
| progressive | *bēgenmekde ben | *bēgenmekde sen | *bēgenmekde | *bēgenmekde biz | *bēgenmekde siz | *bēgenmekde | ||
| necessitative | *bēgenmelig ben | *bēgenmelig sen | *bēgenmelig | *bēgenmelig biz | *bēgenmelig siz | *bēgenmelig | ||
| imperative | *bēgeneyin | *bēgen, bēgengil | *bēgenzün | *bēgenelim | *bēgeniŋ | *bēgenzün | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *bēgenmemek | |||||||
| participle | present | *bēgenmegen, bēgenmegme, bēgenmez | ||||||
| past | *bēgenmedük, bēgenmemiš | |||||||
| future | *bēgenmeči, bēgenmesik, bēgenmeyeček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *bēgenmeme, bēgenmeg, bēgenmegü | |||||||
| way of doing | *bēgenmeyiš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *bēgenmez ben | *bēgenmez sen | *bēgenmez | *bēgenmez biz | *bēgenmez siz | *bēgenmez | |
| past | simple | *bēgenmedim | *bēgenmediŋ | *bēgenmedi | *bēgenmedik, bēgenmedimiz | *bēgenmediŋiz | *bēgenmedi | |
| inferential | *bēgenmemiš ben | *bēgenmemiš sen | *bēgenmemiš | *bēgenmemiš biz | *bēgenmemiš siz | *bēgenmemiš | ||
| future | simple | *bēgenmeči ben, bēgenmeyeček ben | *bēgenmeči sen, bēgenmeyeček sen | *bēgenmeči, bēgenmeyeček | *bēgenmeči biz, bēgenmeyeček biz | *bēgenmeči siz, bēgenmeyeček siz | *bēgenmeči, bēgenmeyeček | |
| predictive | *bēgenmegey ben | *bēgenmegey sen | *bēgenmegey | *bēgenmegey biz | *bēgenmegey siz | *bēgenmegey | ||
| necessitive | *bēgenmesikim | *bēgenmesikiŋ | *bēgenmesik | *bēgenmesikimiz | *bēgenmesikiŋiz | *bēgenmesik | ||
| conditional | *bēgenmesem, bēgenmeser ben | *bēgenmeseŋ, bēgenmeser sen | *bēgenmese, bēgenmeser | *bēgenmesek, bēgenmesemiz, bēgenmeser biz | *bēgenmeseŋiz, bēgenmeser siz | *bēgenmeseler, bēgenmeser | ||
| optative | *bēgenmegey ben | *bēgenmegey sen | *bēgenmegey | *bēgenmegey biz | *bēgenmegey siz | *bēgenmegey | ||
| progressive | *bēgenmemekde ben | *bēgenmemekde sen | *bēgenmemekde | *bēgenmemekde biz | *bēgenmemekde siz | *bēgenmemekde | ||
| necessitative | *bēgenmemelig ben | *bēgenmemelig sen | *bēgenmemelig | *bēgenmemelig biz | *bēgenmemelig siz | *bēgenmemelig | ||
| imperative | *bēgenmeyeyin | *bēgenme, bēgenmegil | *bēgenmezün | *bēgenmeyelim | *bēgenmeyiŋ | *bēgenmezün | ||
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- → Chagatai: [script needed] (bigen-)
- → Kipchak: [script needed] (begen-), [script needed] (bigen-), [script needed] (beyen-), [script needed] (biyen-)
- Cuman: bien- (biyen-)
References
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Nauka, page 101
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “beğenmek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 68
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bẹ̄ken-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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