< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krojiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krájīˀtei, from iterative Proto-Indo-European *kroyh₁-eye-ti, from *kroyh₁-, metathesized from *kroh₁y- (analogical after the zero grade, where metathesis is expected), from the root *kreh₁y- (“to sift, to separate”), a root extension of *kreh₁- (alternatively reconstructed as *krey-). Cognate with Lithuanian kriẽti (“to expand, to develop, to spread; to catch fish”) (1sg. krejù), Latvian krijât (“to skin”), and more distantly with Latin cernō (“to sift, to separate, to distinguish”) < *kri-n-h₁- (perfect crēvī < *kreh₁-), Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate, to decide”), Old Irish arachrin (“to perish”), críathar (“sieve”).

Verb

*krojìti

  1. to cut

Inflection
Conjugation of *krojiti, *kroji, *krojitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*krojenьje *krojiti *krojitъ *krojilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *krojenъ *krojimъ
Active *krojь *kroję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *krojixъ*kroji*kroji *krojǫ*krojiši*krojitь
Dual *krojixově*krojista*krojiste *krojivě*krojita*krojite
Plural *krojixomъ*krojiste*krojišę *krojimъ*krojite*krojętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *krojaaxъ*krojaaše*krojaaše —*kroji*kroji
Dual *krojaaxově*krojaašeta*krojaašete *krojivě*krojita—
Plural *krojaaxomъ*krojaašete*krojaaxǫ *krojimъ*krojite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*krojivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кроити (kroiti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: кроя́ (krojá, “to cut out (a garment), to devise”)
    • Macedonian: крои (kroi, “to cut out”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: кро̀јити (“to cut”), 1sg. кро̀јӣм
      Latin: kròjiti (“to cut”), 1sg. kròjīm
      • Chakavian (Vrgada): krojȉti (“to cut”), 2sg. krojĩš
      • Chakavian (Orbanići): krojȉt (“to cut out (a garment from cloth)”), 3sg. krojĩ
    • Slovene: krojíti (“to cut out, to unstitch, to split, to disrupt”) (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: krojit (“to cut”)
    • Polabian: krüjĕ (“to cut”, 3sg.)
    • Old Polish: kroić (“to cut”)
    • Slovak: krojiť (“to cut out”) (rare)
    • Slovincian: krôjic
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: krejić
  • Other:
    • Romanian: croi (“to cut out, to tailor”)

References
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “крои́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 444
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krojìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 248
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “крою́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*krojiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 180
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