< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-nǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *-né-.

Suffix

*-nǫti impf or pf[1]

  1. Forms inchoative verbs, deverbal
    ‎*blьščati (“to shine”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*blьsknǫti (“to flash”)
    ‎*bъděti (“to stay awake”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*bъdnǫti (“to come to”)
    ‎*kysěti (“to turn sour”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*kysnǫti (“to dampen, to moisten”)
  2. Forms verbs to denote the gradual acquisition of properties, deadjectival
    ‎*suxъ (“dry”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*sъxnǫti (“to dry”)
    ‎*gluxъ (“deaf”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*glъxnǫti (“to go deaf”)
    ‎*slěpъ (“blind”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*slьpnǫti (“to go blind”)
  3. Forms perfective verbs denoting the momentary course of action, deverbal
    ‎*buxati (“to thud, to make noise”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*buxnǫti
    ‎*dvigati (“to lift (something)”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*dvignǫti
    ‎*lьzati (“to lick”) + ‎*-nǫti → ‎*lьznǫti

Inflection
Conjugation of *-nǫti, *-nǫ, *-netь (?, -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*-novenьje *-nǫti *-nǫtъ *-nǫlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *-novenъ *-nomъ
Active *-nǫvъ *-ny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *-nǫxъ*-nǫ*-nǫ *-nǫ*-neši*-netь
Dual *-nǫxově*-nǫsta*-nǫste *-nevě*-neta*-nete
Plural *-nǫxomъ*-nǫste*-nǫšę *-nemъ*-nete*-nǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *-něaxъ*-něaše*-něaše —*-ni*-ni
Dual *-něaxově*-něašeta*-něašete *-něvě*-něta—
Plural *-něaxomъ*-něašete*-něaxǫ *-němъ*-něte—
Conjugation of *-nǫti, *-e, *-netь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*-enьje *-nǫti *-nǫtъ *-lъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *-enъ *-nomъ
Active *-ъ *-ny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *-(ox)ъ*-e*-e *-nǫ*-neši*-netь
Dual *-(ox)ově*-(e/os)ta*-(e/os)te *-nevě*-neta*-nete
Plural *-(ox)omъ*-(e/os)te*-ǫ, *-ošę *-nemъ*-nete*-nǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *-něaxъ*-něaše*-něaše —*-ni*-ni
Dual *-něaxově*-něašeta*-něašete *-něvě*-něta—
Plural *-něaxomъ*-něašete*-něaxǫ *-němъ*-něte—

Derived terms
Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-nǫti

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: -нѫти (-nǫti), -нути (-nuti)
      • Old Ruthenian: -нути (-nuti), -нуть (-nutʹ)
        • Belarusian: -нуць (-nucʹ)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: -нути (-nuty)
        • Ukrainian: -нути (-nuty)
      • Russian: -нуть (-nutʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: -нѫти (-nǫti)
      Glagolitic script: -ⱀⱘⱅⰻ (-nǫti)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: -нути
      Latin script: -nuti
    • Slovene: -niti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: -núti
    • Old Polish: -nąć
      • Polish: -nąć
      • Masurian: -nóncz
      • Silesian: -nōńć
    • Old Slovak: -núť
      • Pannonian Rusyn: -нуц (-nuc)
      • Slovak: -núť
    • Polabian: -nǫ̇t
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: -nąc
      • Slovincian: -nõc
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: -nuś
      • Upper Sorbian: -nyć

References
  1. Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*-nǫti”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 44
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