< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuxati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic, from *čuxъ (“growl, puff”) +‎ *-ati. Possibly reflecting a s-mobile root Proto-Indo-European *(s)kew-, akin to Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan (“to dread, to shun”).

According to Bezlaj, possibly overlapping with Proto-Slavic *ťuxati (“to pant, to wail”).

Verb

*čuxati impf (perfective *čuxnǫti)

  1. to emit low-pitch noise, to choo
  2. to growl, to grouch, to bark (for animal, person)
  3. (by extension) to shoo, to drive away
Conjugation
Conjugation of *čuxati, *čuxa, *čuxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*čuxanьje *čuxati *čuxatъ *čuxalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *čuxanъ *čuxajemъ
Active *čuxavъ *čuxaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *čuxaxъ*čuxa*čuxa *čuxajǫ*čuxaješi*čuxajetь
Dual *čuxaxově*čuxasta*čuxaste *čuxajevě*čuxajeta*čuxajete
Plural *čuxaxomъ*čuxaste*čuxašę *čuxajemъ*čuxajete*čuxajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *čuxaaxъ*čuxaaše*čuxaaše —*čuxaji*čuxaji
Dual *čuxaaxově*čuxaašeta*čuxaašete *čuxajivě*čuxajita—
Plural *čuxaaxomъ*čuxaašete*čuxaaxǫ *čuxajimъ*čuxajite—
Derived terms
  • *čuxalъ (“owl”)
    • Bulgarian: чу́хал (čúhal, “scops owl”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: чу́хам (čúham), probably кю́хам (kjúham, “to growl, to bark”) (dialectal)
    • Slovene: čúhati (“to blow, to woo”) (dialectal)

Further reading
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кюхам²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 258: от звукоподражателна основа

Etymology 2

From *čuxъ (“feeling, scent”) +‎ *-ati, an s-extension of Proto-Slavic *čuti (“to sense, to hear”).

Traditionally compared by early scholars with Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną (“to hear”), Ancient Greek ἀκούω (akoúō, “to hear”) (nowadays commonly derived from unrelated Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti (“to be sharp-eared”)).

Verb

*čuxati impf (perfective *čuxnǫti)

  1. to sense, to smell
  2. to comprehend
  3. (reflexive) (+ *sę) to feel oneself
Conjugation
Conjugation of *čuxati, *čuxa, *čuxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*čuxanьje *čuxati *čuxatъ *čuxalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *čuxanъ *čuxajemъ
Active *čuxavъ *čuxaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *čuxaxъ*čuxa*čuxa *čuxajǫ*čuxaješi*čuxajetь
Dual *čuxaxově*čuxasta*čuxaste *čuxajevě*čuxajeta*čuxajete
Plural *čuxaxomъ*čuxaste*čuxašę *čuxajemъ*čuxajete*čuxajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *čuxaaxъ*čuxaaše*čuxaaše —*čuxaji*čuxaji
Dual *čuxaaxově*čuxaašeta*čuxaašete *čuxajivě*čuxajita—
Plural *čuxaaxomъ*čuxaašete*čuxaaxǫ *čuxajimъ*čuxajite—
  • *čujati (“to comprehend”)
  • *čuvati (“to hear”)
  • *čutiti (“to scent”)
Descendants

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “чухать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čuxati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 130
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