Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/met-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Part of the same group of roots as *meh₁- (“to measure”), *med- (“to estimate, judge”), possibly also *meh₂- (“to grow, mature”), *medʰi- (“middle, between”), *meǵ-h₂- (“great, big”), all with a sense of "measurement, estimation > size, distance, amount".

Root

*met-

to cut (by measure) (with an inherent sense of by measurement or time: "to cut down" > "to mow"; "to cut into" > "plow")

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *met-‎ (3 c, 0 e)

*met-eti
- Proto-Celtic: *meteti
- Proto-Italic: *metō
  - Latin: metō
*met-el-
- Proto-Celtic: *metelā (“reapers (collective)”)
  - Proto-Brythonic: *medel
  - Middle Irish: methel
    - Irish: meitheal
*met-l̥-yom (possibly) (with secondary collective suffix *-yom)
- Ancient Greek: μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry”) (quarries generally require measured cutting)
*mot-i-
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: mateola (“wooden hammer or agricultural implement”)
- Proto-Germanic: *maþilō (“plough”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Proto-Slavic: *motỳka (“hoe”)
*mot-né-
- Proto-Germanic: *mattukaz (“ploughshare, mattock”)

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