반치음

Korean

Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 半齒音, from 半 (“half”) + 齒 (“tooth”) + 音 (“sound”)

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpa̠(ː)ɲt͡ɕʰiɯm]
  • Phonetic hangul: [반(ː)치음]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?banchieum
Revised Romanization (translit.)?banchieum
McCune–Reischauer?panch'iŭm
Yale Romanization?pān.chium

Noun

반치음 • (banchieum) (hanja 半齒音)

  1. the obsolete Korean consonant ㅿ.

Usage notes

The Hunmin Jeongeum defines the sound written by ㅿ as a "semi-incisor sound" found as the initial consonant of the Sino-Korean reading of the Chinese character 穰. It is conventionally reconstructed as /z/, both because it behaves as a voiced counterpart to /s/ in Middle Korean morphophonology and because this is the form indicated by dialectal reconstruction. Most instances of ㅿ have been deleted in modern Korean.[1]

In Middle Sino-Korean, ㅿ corresponds to Middle Chinese /ȵ/ (the 日 initials). Due to the deletion of ㅿ mentioned above, all Sino-Korean readings with ㅿ now have null initials.[2] Sino-Korean readings originally with ㅿ include: 日, 人, 弱, 穰, 兒, 入, 如, 潤, 容, 扔, 熱, 若, 軟, 銳, 壤, 䓴, 葇, 儒, 緌, 袵, 橈, 刃, 絍, 撋, 汝, 二, 貳, 邇, 栭, 栮, 餌, 珥 and 輀 (日 , 人 , 弱 , 穰 , 兒 , 入 , 如 , 潤 , 容 , 扔 , 熱 , 若 , 軟 , 銳 , 壤 , 䓴 , 葇 , 儒 , 緌 , 袵 , 橈 , 刃 , 絍 , 撋 , 汝 , 二 , 貳 , 邇 , 栭 , 栮 , 餌 , 珥 and 輀).

References
    • Lee, Ki-Moon, Ramsey, S. Robert (2011) A History of the Korean Language, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 139—140
  2. “반치음[Banchieum]”, in 두피디아 [dupidia]‎ (in Korean), Doosan Encyclopedia, 2019 May 27 (last accessed)
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