鳴く

Japanese

Kanji in this term
鳴
な
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
啼く

Etymology

From Old Japanese, derived from 音 (na, “(emotional) sound, voice”, bound form) [1] + く (-ku, verb suffix). Cognate with 泣(な)く (naku).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "鳴く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
鳴く なく [nàkú]
Imperative (命令形) 鳴け なけ [nàké]
Key constructions
Passive 鳴かれる なかれる [nàkárérú]
Causative 鳴かせる なかせる [nàkásérú]
Potential 鳴ける なける [nàkérú]
Volitional 鳴こう なこ​ー [nàkóꜜò]
Negative 鳴かない なかない [nàkánáí]
Negative perfective 鳴かなかった なかな​かった [nàkánáꜜkàttà]
Formal 鳴きます なきま​す [nàkímáꜜsù]
Perfective 鳴いた ないた [nàítá]
Conjunctive 鳴いて ないて [nàíté]
Hypothetical conditional 鳴けば なけ​ば [nàkéꜜbà]

Verb

鳴(な)く • (naku) godan (stem 鳴(な)き (naki), past 鳴(な)いた (naita))

  1. (of an animal) to call, to make noise; e.g., a bird's singing
    窓(まど)の外(そと)で小(こ)鳥(とり)が鳴(な)いた。
    Mado no soto de kotori ga naita.
    A little bird sang outside my window.

Conjugation

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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