鬱鬱

See also: 郁郁 and 鬱郁

Chinese

		dense (growth); melancholy	dense (growth); melancholy
trad. (鬱鬱/郁郁^*)		鬱/郁	鬱/郁
simp. (郁郁^*)		郁	郁
alternative forms		蔚蔚

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yùyù

(Zhuyin): ㄩˋ ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wat¹ wat¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yùyù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˋ ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yùyù
  - Wade–Giles: yü⁴-yü⁴
  - Yale: yù-yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuhyuh
  - Palladius: юйюй (jujjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    郁郁
    鬱鬱／郁郁
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wat¹ wat¹
  - Yale: wāt wāt
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wat⁷ wat⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: wed¹ wed¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐt̚⁵ wɐt̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: 'jut 'jut

Rime
Character	鬱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	物 (60)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	紆物切
Baxter	'jut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨut̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiut̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiuət̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔut̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiuət̚/
Wang Li	/ĭuət̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯uət̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wat¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qut qut/

(Zhengzhang): /*qud qud/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjut ›
Old Chinese	/*qut/
English	blocked; anxious
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬱
Reading #	1/1
No.	16057
Phonetic component	鬱
Rime group	物
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	鬱
Old Chinese	/*qud/

Adjective

鬱鬱

(literary) lush; luxuriant
(literary) depressed; melancholic

Synonyms

(depressed):

低沉 (dīchén)
低落 (dīluò)
冷館／冷馆 (Xiamen Hokkien)
喪氣／丧气
壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
失望 (shīwàng)
失落 (shīluò)
寡歡／寡欢 (guǎhuān)
幽鬱／幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
悒鬱／悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)
悒鬱寡歡／悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
愁悶／愁闷 (chóumèn)
憂悶／忧闷 (yōumèn)
慘沮／惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
憂鬱／忧郁 (yōuyù)
憋悶／憋闷
懊喪／懊丧 (àosàng)
抑鬱／抑郁 (yìyù)
沉悶／沉闷 (chénmèn)
沉抑 (chényì)
沉鬱／沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
沮喪／沮丧 (jǔsàng)
消極／消极 (xiāojí)
消沉 (xiāochén)
灰 (huī) (literary, or in compounds)
灰心 (huīxīn)
灰心喪氣／灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
煩悶／烦闷 (fánmèn)
神傷／神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
苦悶／苦闷 (kǔmèn)
萎靡
陰暗／阴暗 (yīn'àn)
陰沉／阴沉 (yīnchén)
頹唐／颓唐 (tuítáng)
頹喪／颓丧 (tuísàng)
頹廢／颓废 (tuífèi)
鬱悶／郁闷 (yùmèn)
鬱鬱不樂／郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
齪嘈／龊嘈 (Hokkien)

Derived terms

鬱鬱不平／郁郁不平
鬱鬱不樂／郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
鬱鬱蔥蔥／郁郁葱葱 (yùyùcōngcōng)

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