遊戯

See also: 游戏, 游戲, and 遊戲

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
遊 戯
ゆう
Grade: 3
ぎ
Grade: S
kan’on kan’yōon
Alternative spelling
遊戲 (kyūjitai)

/jiu ki/ → /jiuɡi/ → /juːɡi/

From Middle Chinese compound 遊戲 (MC yuw xje).

Pronunciation

Noun

遊(ゆう)戯(ぎ) • (yūgi) ←いうぎ (iugi)?

  1. a game
    Synonym: 遊び (asobi)
  2. a play (activity for amusement, especially for the young)
    Synonym: お遊戯 (o-yūgi)
Derived terms

Verb

遊(ゆう)戯(ぎ)する • (yūgi suru) ←いうぎ (iugi)?suru (stem 遊(ゆう)戯(ぎ)し (yūgi shi), past 遊(ゆう)戯(ぎ)した (yūgi shita))

  1. to play (a game)
    Synonym: 遊ぶ (asobu)
Conjugation

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
遊 戯
ゆう
Grade: 3
け > げ
Grade: S
kan’on goon
Alternative spelling
遊戲 (kyūjitai)

/jiu ke/ → /jiuɡe/ → /juːɡe/

Possibly from Middle Chinese compound 遊戲 (MC yuw xje), or a shift from yūgi above, utilizing the goon-reading of ke instead of ki/gi. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ゆうげ [yùúgé] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [jɯ̟ᵝːɡe̞]

Noun

遊(ゆう)戯(げ) • (yūge) ←いうげ (iuge)?

  1. (uncommon) Same as ゆうぎ (yūgi) above

Verb

遊(ゆう)戯(げ)する • (yūge suru) ←いうげ (iuge)?suru (stem 遊(ゆう)戯(げ)し (yūge shi), past 遊(ゆう)戯(げ)した (yūge shita))

  1. (uncommon) Same as ゆうぎ (yūgi) above
Conjugation

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
遊 戯
ゆ
Grade: 3
け > げ
Grade: S
goon
Alternative spelling
遊戲 (kyūjitai)

/jiu ke/ → /juke/ ↔ /juɡe/

Likely the oldest borrowing from Middle Chinese 遊戲 (MC yuw xje), attested in Heian period literature.

Noun

遊(ゆ)戯(げ) or 遊戯(ゆけ) • (yuge or yuke) 

  1. a game
  2. an amusement
  3. (Buddhism) freedom, said of the Buddha, bodhisattvas, or other enlightened beings
    Synonym: 遊化 (yuke)
Derived terms
  • 遊戯(ゆげ)三昧(ざんまい) (yuge-zanmai)

Proper noun

遊(ゆ)戯(げ) • (Yuge) 

  1. a surname

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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