農夫

See also: 农夫

Chinese

		agriculture	man
trad. (農夫)		農	夫
simp. (农夫)		农	夫

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nóngfū

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nung⁴ fu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nùng-fû
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lông-hu
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶non-fu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nóngfū
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nóngfu
  - Wade–Giles: nung²-fu¹
  - Yale: núng-fū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nongfu
  - Palladius: нунфу (nunfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʊŋ³⁵ fu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nung⁴ fu¹
  - Yale: nùhng fū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nung⁴ fu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: nung⁴ fu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʊŋ²¹ fuː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nùng-fû
  - Hakka Romanization System: nungˇ fu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: nung² fu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /nuŋ¹¹ fu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-hu
  - Tâi-lô: lông-hu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: longhw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³⁻²² hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²³⁻³³ hu⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶non-fu
  - MiniDict: non^去 fu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³non-fu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /noŋ²² fu⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: nowng pju

Rime
Character	農	夫
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	奴冬切	甫無切
Baxter	nowng	pju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nuoŋ/	/pɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/nuoŋ/	/pio/
Shao Rongfen	/noŋ/	/pio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nawŋ/	/puə̆/
Li Rong	/noŋ/	/pio/
Wang Li	/nuoŋ/	/pĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/nuoŋ/	/pi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nóng	fū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nung⁴	fu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[o]ŋ p(r)a/

(Zhengzhang): /*nuːŋ pa/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	農	夫
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nóng	fū
Middle Chinese	‹ nowng ›	‹ pju ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[o]ŋ/	/*p(r)a/
English	agriculture; to farm	man
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	農	夫
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	9571	3274
Phonetic component	農	夫
Rime group	終	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	農	跗
Old Chinese	/*nuːŋ/	/*pa/
Notes	金文從田不從囟

Noun

農夫

peasant; farmer

Synonyms

勞農／劳农 (láonóng) (literary)
戶家／户家 (Dungan)
老農／老农 (lǎonóng)
農／农 (nóng) (obsolete or in compounds)
農人／农人 (nóngrén)
農民／农民 (nóngmín)

Dialectal synonyms of 農民 (“farmer; peasant”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		農, 農民, 農人, 農夫
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		農民, 農人, 莊戶人
Mandarin	Beijing	農民, 莊稼漢兒 male, 莊稼漢子 male
	Taiwan	農夫, 農民, 農人
	Langfang	農民
	Tangshan	莊稼人
	Cangzhou	種地的
	Baoding	莊稼人
	Shijiazhuang	莊稼人
	Daming	種地嘞
	Ulanhot	莊稼人
	Tongliao	老農, 種地的
	Chifeng	莊稼漢
	Bayanhot	種田的, 莊稼漢
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	老農, 種地的
	Harbin	農民, 莊稼人, 莊稼漢 male, 莊稼佬兒 derogatory
	Yantai (Muping)	農民, 莊稼人, 莊戶孫, 老農 honorific or humorous, 莊稼霸子 derogatory
	Qingdao	莊戶人
	Jinan	農民, 農哥兒們, 農哥們兒, 農哥兒們兒
	Luoyang	農民, 莊稼人, 莊稼漢, 種地的
	Wanrong	莊稼戶, 做莊稼的, 農民
	Zhengzhou	莊稼人
	Xi'an	做莊稼的, 莊稼人, 農民
	Yinchuan	莊戶, 莊稼漢, 農人 dated
	Lanzhou	莊稼人
	Xining	莊稼人
	Ürümqi	農民
	Wuhan	農民, 農人, 種田的
	Chengdu	農民, 農村人, 鄉下人, 鄉巴佬兒 derogatory, 鄉巴佬 derogatory, 鄉廣廣 derogatory, 老坎 derogatory, 黃泥巴腳桿 derogatory, 泥巴腳桿 derogatory, 彎腳桿 derogatory, 農二哥 derogatory, 欒二哥 dated, derogatory, 圞二 dated, derogatory, 欒豁皮 dated, derogatory, 欒豁 dated, derogatory, 老欒 dated, derogatory, 欒民 dated, derogatory
	Guiyang	農人
	Guilin	農民
	Liuzhou	種田的, 農民, 農民佬
	Xuzhou	種地的, 莊戶人
	Yangzhou	種田的, 二哥哥, 捧牛屁股的 dated, derogatory
	Nanjing	種田的, 農民
	Nantong	種田哩
	Malaysia	農夫
	Singapore	農夫
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	戶家
	Dagudi (Maliba)	農民
	Reshuitang (Longling)	農民
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	農民
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	農民
Cantonese	Guangzhou	農民, 耕田佬, 㩧佬 derogatory
	Hong Kong	農夫, 農民, 農人 dated, 耕田佬, 㩧佬 dated, derogatory
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	耕田佬
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	耕田佬
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	耕田佬
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	耕田佬
	Macau	農民
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	農民, 耕田佬
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	農民, 耕田佬
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	耕田佬
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	農民, 耕田佬
	Foshan	農民, 耕田佬
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	農民, 耕田佬
	Foshan (Shunde)	農民
	Foshan (Sanshui)	農民, 耕田佬
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	耕田佬
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	農民
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	農民
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	耕田佬
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	耕田佬
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	耕田佬
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	耕田佬
	Taishan	農民
	Kaiping (Chikan)	農民
	Enping (Niujiang)	農民, 耕田佬
	Heshan (Yayao)	耕田佬
	Dongguan	農民, 耕田佬
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	耕田佬
	Shaoguan	農民
	Yunfu	耕田佬, 撚泥頭
	Xinyi	耕田佬
	Lianjiang	農民, 㩧佬, 耕田佬
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	耕田佬
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	耕田佬
Gan	Nanchang	作田個
	Lichuan	作田個
	Pingxiang	作田人, 農民
Hakka	Meixian	耕田佬, 耕田儕
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	農民, 耕田阿哥
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	農民, 耕田佬
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	農民, 耕田佬
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	耕田佬
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	㩧佬
	Wengyuan	耕田佬
	Liannan	耕田佬
	Conghua (Lütian)	農民
	Jiexi	耕田人
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	做田人
	Changting	做田人
	Wuping	作田儕
	Wuping (Yanqian)	做事個
	Ninghua	做田個
	Yudu	作田佬
	Ningdu	作田個
	Tonggu (Sandu)	作田個
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	作田個
	Dayu	作田佬
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	耕田人, 耕種人, 耕田儕, 農民, 農家人
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	耕田人, 耕種人, 農民, 農民仔, 農家人
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	耕田人, 耕種人, 農民, 農家人
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	耕田人, 耕種人, 耕田個, 農民, 農家人
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	耕田人, 耕種人, 農民, 農家人
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	作穡人, 農民, 農家人
	Hong Kong	耕田佬
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	做田佬
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	耕田佬
	Xinyi (Sihe)	耕田佬
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	耕田佬
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	耕田佬
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	耕田佬
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	耕田佬
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	耕田佬
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	耕田佬
	Mengshan (Xihe)	種田佬
	Luchuan	種田佬
	Sabah (Longchuan)	農人, 耕田佬
	Senai (Huiyang)	耕田佬
Huizhou	Jixi	農民, 種田仂, 務農佬 derogatory, 務農坯 derogatory
Jin	Taiyuan	莊稼人, 農民, 受苦人 self-appellation
	Xinzhou	農業上哩, 受苦人 dated, 莊戶人 dated, 黑脊背 dated
	Taibus (Baochang)	莊戶人
	Linhe	莊戶人
	Jining	莊戶人
	Hohhot	莊戶人
	Baotou	莊戶人
	Dongsheng	莊戶人
	Haibowan	莊稼漢
	Zhangjiakou	莊戶人
	Handan	莊稼人
Northern Min	Jian'ou	打粗人, 打塍人
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	農民, 做塍其, 做塍儂
	Fuqing	做塍其儂, 農民
	Matsu	做塍儂
Southern Min	Xiamen	作塍儂, 作穡儂, 農民, 農哥 slightly derogatory or humble
	Quanzhou	作塍儂, 作穡儂, 農民, 農哥 slightly derogatory or humble
	Jinjiang	作塍儂, 作穡儂
	Yongchun	作塍儂
	Zhangzhou	作塍儂, 農民, 農哥 slightly derogatory or humble
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	作塍儂
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	作塍儂
	Hua'an	作塍儂
	Pinghe	作塍儂
	Zhangpu	作塍儂
	Dongshan	作穡儂, 農民
	Taipei	做穡的
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	作塍儂
	Kaohsiung	作穡的, 作穡儂
	Yilan	作穡的, 作園的, 作塍儂
	Changhua (Lukang)	作穡的, 作園的, 作塍儂
	Taichung	作穡儂, 作塍儂
	Taichung (Wuqi)	作穡儂
	Tainan	作穡的, 作園的, 作穡儂
	Taitung	作穡儂
	Hsinchu	作穡儂
	Penghu (Magong)	做穡的, 做山的
	Penang (Hokkien)	種塍的儂
	Singapore (Hokkien)	作巴的, 作塍的
	Manila (Hokkien)	作塍儂
	Longyan	作穡儂
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	做塍儂
	Shantou	作塍儂
	Jieyang	作塍儂
	Bangkok (Teochew)	作塍儂
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	作塍儂
	Haikou	做百姓個, 做農個, 農民, 做塍爹 male, 做塍姩 female
Puxian Min	Putian	農夫
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	農民
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	農民
Shehua	Fu'an	做田人
	Fuding	做田人
	Luoyuan	做田人
	Shunchang	做田人
	Hua'an	做田人
	Guixi (Zhangping)	做田人
	Cangnan	做田人
	Jingning	做田人
	Lishui	做田人
	Longyou	做田人
	Chaozhou	做田人
	Fengshun	做田人
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	老百姓
Wu	Shanghai	種田個, 農民
	Shanghai (Chongming)	種田地人, 種田人
	Suzhou	農民, 鄉下人, 種田個
	Danyang	農民, 種田人
	Hangzhou	農民
	Ningbo	種田人
	Wenzhou	種田人
	Jinhua	種田地個, 種田個, 農民
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	種田儂
Xiang	Changsha	農民, 作田的
Xiang	Loudi	作田個

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (農夫):

→ Japanese: 農(のう)夫(ふ) (nōfu)
→ Korean: 농부(農夫) (nongbu)
→ Vietnamese: nông phu (農夫)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
農	夫
のう Grade: 3	ふ Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

農(のう)夫(ふ) • (nōfu)

peasant, plowman
- Tanaka Corpus:
  農夫(のうふ)たちは稲(いね)をうえていた
  nōfutachi wa ine o uete ita
  The peasants were planting rice

Derived terms

農(のう)夫(ふ)症(しょう) (nōfushō)

Korean

Hanja in this term
農	夫

Noun

農夫 • (nongbu) (hangeul 농부)

Hanja form^? of 농부 (“peasant, farmer”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
農	夫

Noun

農夫

chữ Hán form of nông phu (“peasant, farmer”).

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