跪く
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 跪 |
| ひざまず Hyōgaiji |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “膝 + ま?? + 付く”) Derived from 膝 (hiza, “knee”). Cognate with Sawada Miyako 膝じぃー (psamazïï, “kneeling”).
Verb
跪く • (hizamazuku) ←ひざまづく (fizamaduku)?intransitive godan (stem 跪き (hizamazuki), past 跪いた (hizamazuita))
- to kneel
Conjugation
Conjugation of "跪く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 跪か | ひざまずか | hizamazuka |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 跪き | ひざまずき | hizamazuki |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 跪く | ひざまずく | hizamazuku |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 跪く | ひざまずく | hizamazuku |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 跪け | ひざまずけ | hizamazuke |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 跪け | ひざまずけ | hizamazuke |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 跪かれる | ひざまずかれる | hizamazukareru |
| Causative | 跪かせる 跪かす |
ひざまずかせる ひざまずかす |
hizamazukaseru hizamazukasu |
| Potential | 跪ける | ひざまずける | hizamazukeru |
| Volitional | 跪こう | ひざまずこう | hizamazukō |
| Negative | 跪かない | ひざまずかない | hizamazukanai |
| Negative continuative | 跪かず | ひざまずかず | hizamazukazu |
| Formal | 跪きます | ひざまずきます | hizamazukimasu |
| Perfective | 跪いた | ひざまずいた | hizamazuita |
| Conjunctive | 跪いて | ひざまずいて | hizamazuite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 跪けば | ひざまずけば | hizamazukeba |
Classical conjugation of "跪く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 跪か | ひざまづか | fizamaduka |
| Continuative (連用形) | 跪き | ひざまづき | fizamaduki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 跪く | ひざまづく | fizamaduku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 跪く | ひざまづく | fizamaduku |
| Realis (已然形) | 跪け | ひざまづけ | fizamaduke |
| Imperative (命令形) | 跪け | ひざまづけ | fizamaduke |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 跪かず | ひざまづかず | fizamadukazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 跪けど | ひざまづけど | fizamadukedo |
| Causal conjunction | 跪けば | ひざまづけば | fizamadukeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 跪かば | ひざまづかば | fizamadukaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 跪きき | ひざまづきき | fizamadukiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 跪きけり | ひざまづきけり | fizamadukikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 跪きつ | ひざまづきつ | fizamadukitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 跪きぬ | ひざまづきぬ | fizamadukinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 跪けり 跪きたり | ひざまづけり ひざまづきたり | fizamadukeri fizamadukitari |
| Volitional | 跪かむ | ひざまづかむ | fizamadukamu |
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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