誹謗

See also: 诽谤

Chinese
slander to slander; defame; speak ill of
trad. (誹謗) 誹 謗
simp. (诽谤) 诽 谤

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 誹 誹 謗
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 幫 (1) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 微 (21) 微 (21) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed Open
Division (等) III III I
Fanqie 甫微切 方味切 補曠切
Baxter pj+j pj+jH pangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pʉi/ /pʉiH/ /pɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pʷɨi/ /pʷɨiH/ /pɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuəi/ /piuəiH/ /pɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puj/ /pujH/ /paŋH/
Li
Rong		 /piuəi/ /piuəiH/ /pɑŋH/
Wang
Li		 /pĭwəi/ /pĭwəiH/ /pɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pwe̯i/ /pwe̯iH/ /pɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fēi fèi bàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fei1 fei3 bong3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 誹 謗
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fěi bàng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pj+j › ‹ pangH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pə[j]/ /*pˁaŋ-s/
English slander slander

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 誹 誹 誹 謗
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3 1/1
No. 3083 3089 3092 2992
Phonetic
component		 非 非 非 方
Rime
group		 微 微 微 陽
Rime
subdivision		 1 1 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 猆 匪 沸 螃
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯl/ /*pɯlʔ/ /*pɯls/ /*paːŋs/

Verb

誹謗

  1. to slander; to vilify; to libel; to defame
  2. (Classical) to criticize; to comment; to discuss

Synonyms
  • (to slander):

Derived terms
  • 口頭誹謗／口头诽谤
  • 誹謗之木／诽谤之木
  • 誹謗罪／诽谤罪 (fěibàngzuì)

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (誹謗):
  • → Japanese: 誹(ひ)謗(ぼう) (hibō)
  • → Korean: 비방(誹謗) (bibang)
  • → Vietnamese: phỉ báng (誹謗)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
誹 謗
ひ
Hyōgaiji		 ぼう
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

誹(ひ)謗(ぼう) • (hibō) ←ひばう (fibau)?

  1. slander
  2. verbal abuse

Verb

誹(ひ)謗(ぼう)する • (hibō suru) ←ひばう (fibau)?transitive suru (stem 誹(ひ)謗(ぼう)し (hibō shi), past 誹(ひ)謗(ぼう)した (hibō shita))

  1. to slander someone
  2. to verbally abuse someone

Conjugation
Conjugation of "誹謗する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 誹謗し ひぼうし hibō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 誹謗し ひぼうし hibō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 誹謗する ひぼうする hibō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 誹謗する ひぼうする hibō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 誹謗すれ ひぼうすれ hibō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 誹謗せよ¹
誹謗しろ²		 ひぼうせよ¹
ひぼうしろ²		 hibō seyo¹
hibō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 誹謗される ひぼうされる hibō sareru
Causative 誹謗させる
誹謗さす		 ひぼうさせる
ひぼうさす		 hibō saseru
hibō sasu
Potential 誹謗できる ひぼうできる hibō dekiru
Volitional 誹謗しよう ひぼうしよう hibō shiyō
Negative 誹謗しない ひぼうしない hibō shinai
Negative continuative 誹謗せず ひぼうせず hibō sezu
Formal 誹謗します ひぼうします hibō shimasu
Perfective 誹謗した ひぼうした hibō shita
Conjunctive 誹謗して ひぼうして hibō shite
Hypothetical conditional 誹謗すれば ひぼうすれば hibō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
誹謗

Noun

誹謗 • (bibang) (hangeul 비방)

  1. Hanja form? of 비방 (“slander”).
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