蘭州

See also: 兰州

Chinese

		orchid	province; prefecture; state province; prefecture; state; county
trad. (蘭州)		蘭	州
simp. (兰州)		兰	州

Etymology

Coined in 581 with the establishment of 蘭州府 (“Lan prefecture”). Named after 皋蘭山／皋兰山.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): Lánzhōu

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄢˊ ㄓㄡ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Ланҗу (Lanžu, I-II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): laan⁴ zau¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lan³ ziu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Làn-chû

(Meixian, Guangdong): lan² zu¹
Eastern Min (BUC): Làng-ciŭ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Lân-chiu

(Teochew, Peng'im): lang⁵ ziu¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶le-tseu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Lánzhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄢˊ ㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Lánjhou
  - Wade–Giles: Lan²-chou¹
  - Yale: Lán-jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Lanjou
  - Palladius: Ланьчжоу (Lanʹčžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Ланҗу (Lanžu, I-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /læ̃²⁴ ʈ͡ʂou⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: laan⁴ zau¹
  - Yale: làahn jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: laan⁴ dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lan⁴ zeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /laːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lan³ ziu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lan²² t͡siu³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Làn-chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: lanˇ zu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lan² zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /lan¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: lan² zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /lan¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Làng-ciŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃aŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒieu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lân-chiu
  - Tâi-lô: Lân-tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lanciw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lan²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lan²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lang⁵ ziu¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâng tsiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /laŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶le-tseu
  - MiniDict: le^去 tseu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³le-tseu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /le²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: lan tsyuw

Rime
Character	蘭	州
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	落干切	職流切
Baxter	lan	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑn/	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑn/	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑn/	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lan/	/cuw/
Li Rong	/lɑn/	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/lɑn/	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑn/	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lán	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	laan⁴	zau¹

Proper noun

蘭州

(～府) (historical) Lan (a former prefecture of modern Gansu Province, China)
(～市) Lanzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Gansu, China)

Descendants

→ English: Lan-chou, Lanchow, Lanzhou

Japanese

Kanji in this term
蘭	州
らん Jinmeiyō	しゅう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Proper noun

蘭(らん)州(しゅう) • (Ranshū)

Lanzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Gansu, in northwestern China)

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