習氣

See also: 习气

Chinese

		to practise; to study; habit	gas; air; smell gas; air; smell; weather; vital breath; to make sb. angry; to get angry; to be enraged
trad. (習氣)		習	氣
simp. (习气)		习	气

Etymology

Derived from Sanskrit वासना (vāsanā). (Dassanayake (2021))

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xíqì

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˊ ㄑㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap⁶ hei³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): si̍p-khì

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xíqì
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ ㄑㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sícì
  - Wade–Giles: hsi²-chʻi⁴
  - Yale: syí-chì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyichih
  - Palladius: сици (sici)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    習氣／习气
    錫器／锡器
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaap⁶ hei³
  - Yale: jaahp hei
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap⁹ hei³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zab⁶ héi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːp̚² hei̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍p-khì
  - Tâi-lô: si̍p-khì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sibqix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sip̚⁴⁻³² kʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sip̚²⁴⁻² kʰi⁴¹/

Noun

習氣

bad habit; bad practice
官僚習氣／官僚习气 ― guānliáo xíqì ― red tape

Synonyms

氣／气 (qì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (習氣):

→ Japanese: 習(しゅう)気(き) (shūki)
→ Korean: 습기(習氣) (seupgi)
→ Vietnamese: tập khí (習氣)

Further reading

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “習氣” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

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