竹刀

Japanese
A shinai (竹刀)

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
竹 刀
Grade: 1 Grade: 2
irregular

Originally a clipping of 撓い竹 (shinaidake)[1]: 撓い (shinai, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 撓う (shinau, “to bend”)) + 竹 (take, “bamboo”).

The kanji are an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “attestation of shinai?”)

Pronunciation

    Noun

    竹刀(しない) • (shinai) ←しなひ (sinafi)?

    1. bamboo sword used in martial arts such as 剣道 (kendō)
    Descendants
    • → English: shinai

    Etymology 2
    Kanji in this term
    竹 刀
    たけ
    Grade: 1    		 かたな > がたな
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    Compound of 竹(たけ) (take, “bamboo”) + 刀(かたな) (katana, “katana”). The katana of 刀 changes to gatana as an instance of

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    rendaku (連濁).

    Pronunciation
      • (Tokyo) たけが​たな [tàkégáꜜtànà] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
      • IPA(key): [ta̠ke̞ɡa̠ta̠na̠]

      Noun

      竹(たけ)刀(がたな) • (takegatana) 

      1. katana with a bamboo blade; takemitsu
      2. bamboo comb used to comb a horse's mane (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
      Synonyms

      Etymology 3
      Kanji in this term
      竹 刀
      ちく
      Grade: 1      		 とう
      Grade: 2
      on’yomi

      From the on'yomi reading of the kanji. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

      Pronunciation
      • (Tokyo) ちくとー [chìkútóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
      • IPA(key): [t͡ɕikɯ̟ᵝto̞ː]

      Noun

      竹(ちく)刀(とう) • (chikutō) ←ちくたう (tikutau)?

      1. katana with a bamboo blade; takemitsu
      2. bamboo sword used in martial arts such as 剣道 (kendō); shinai

      References
      1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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