益友

Chinese

		benefit; increase	friend
simp. and trad. (益友)		益	友

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yìyǒu

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ ㄧㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik¹ jau⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iak-iú / ek-iú

(Teochew, Peng'im): iah⁴ iu²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yìyǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ ㄧㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yìyǒu
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴-yu³
  - Yale: yì-yǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yihyeou
  - Palladius: ию (iju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik¹ jau⁵
  - Yale: yīk yáuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁷ jau⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig¹ yeo⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚⁵ jɐu̯¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak-iú
  - Tâi-lô: iak-iú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iak'iuo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵⁻²⁴ iu⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek-iú
  - Tâi-lô: ik-iú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ek'iuo
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /iɪk̚³²⁻⁴ iu⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚³²⁻⁴ iu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²⁻⁵ iu⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iah⁴ iu²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iah iú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaʔ²⁻⁴ iu⁵²⁻²¹/

Middle Chinese: 'jiek hjuwX

Rime
Character	益	友
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	清 (123)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	伊昔切	云久切
Baxter	'jiek	hjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇk̚/	/ɦɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛk̚/	/ɦiu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiæk̚/	/ɣiəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiajk̚/	/ɦuw^X/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛk̚/	/ɣiu^X/
Wang Li	/ĭɛk̚/	/ɣĭəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛk̚/	/i̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi	yǒu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jik¹	jau⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*q[i]k [ɢ]ʷəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qleɡ ɢʷɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	益	友
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì	yǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiek ›	‹ hjuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/q[i]k/ (dialect: -ik > *-ek)	/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/
English	increase	friend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	益	友
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15081	15596
Phonetic component	益	又
Rime group	錫	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	益	有
Old Chinese	/*qleɡ/	/*ɢʷɯʔ/

Noun

益友

(literary) friend and mentor; helpful friend; wise companion
- 聖賢之君，皆有益友，無偷樂之臣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  圣贤之君，皆有益友，无偷乐之臣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Annals of Master Yan, c. 3^rd century BCE
  Shèngxián zhī jūn, jiē yǒu yìyǒu, wú tōulè zhī chén. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(～卦) A combination 四上一中三下 in the Lingqijing.

Derived terms

良師益友／良师益友 (liángshīyìyǒu)
良朋益友

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.