玫瑰

Chinese
a kind of fine stone (semi-precious stone); extraordinary
trad. (玫瑰) 玫 瑰
simp. #(玫瑰) 玫 瑰

Etymology

Appears to refer to a kind of (red) jade originally, as suggested by the semantic parts of the individual characters and the explanations in Shuowen.

Cognate with 梅槐 (“a tree similar to 薔薇”). Other potential cognates include 茅蒐 (máosōu, “a red plant dye; madder”) and 韎韐／韎𱂆 (“red madder-dyed knee covers”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 玫 瑰 瑰
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4) 匣 (33) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 灰 (42) 灰 (42) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed Closed
Division (等) I I I
Fanqie 莫杯切 戸恢切 公回切
Baxter mwoj hwoj kwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /muʌi/ /ɦuʌi/ /kuʌi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /muoi/ /ɦuoi/ /kuoi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /muɒi/ /ɣuɒi/ /kuɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /mwəj/ /ɦwəj/ /kwəj/
Li
Rong		 /muᴀi/ /ɣuᴀi/ /kuᴀi/
Wang
Li		 /muɒi/ /ɣuɒi/ /kuɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /muɑ̆i/ /ɣuɑ̆i/ /kuɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 méi huí guī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 mui4 wui4 gui1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 瑰
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 guī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kwoj ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˁuj/
English kind of precious stone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 玫 瑰 瑰
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 13013 4660 4671
Phonetic
component		 文 鬼 鬼
Rime
group		 微 微 微
Rime
subdivision		 1 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 枚 傀 回
Old
Chinese		 /*mɯːl/ /*kuːl/ /*ɡuːl/
Notes 說文作玟

Noun
玫瑰

玫瑰

  1. (botany) rugosa rose (Rosa rugosa)
  2. hybrid roses for ornamantal and edible uses
  3. (～花) rose (flower) (Classifier: 朵 m)
  4. (～色) rose colour
  5. (literary, historical) a kind of beautiful jade

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also
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