無已

Chinese

		not have	already; to stop; then already; to stop; then; afterwards
trad. (無已)		無	已
simp. (无已)		无	已

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wúyǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄨˊ ㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴ ji⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wúyǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˊ ㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wúyǐ
  - Wade–Giles: wu²-i³
  - Yale: wú-yǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuyii
  - Palladius: уи (ui)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u³⁵ i²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: mou⁴ ji⁵
  - Yale: mòuh yíh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴ ji⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: mou⁴ yi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹ jiː¹³/

Middle Chinese: mju yiX|yiH

Rime
Character	無	已	已
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	之 (19)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	武夫切	羊己切	羊吏切
Baxter	mju	yiX	yiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨo/	/jɨ^X/	/jɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/mio/	/jɨ^X/	/jɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/mio/	/ie^X/	/ie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muə̆/	/jɨ^X/	/jɨ^H/
Li Rong	/mio/	/iə^X/	/iə^H/
Wang Li	/mĭu/	/jĭə^X/	/jĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯u/	/i^X/	/i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wú	yǐ	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou⁴	ji⁵	ji⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ma ɢ(r)əʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ma lɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	無	已
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wú	yǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ mju ›	‹ yi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*ma/	/*ɢ(r)əʔ/
English	not have	cease; already
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	無	已
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13117	14924
Phonetic component	無	已
Rime group	魚	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	無	以
Old Chinese	/*ma/	/*lɯʔ/
Notes		巳轉註字

Verb

無已

(literary) to be endless; to be incessant; to not stop
(literary) to have no other alternatives (but to do something); to have no other choices (but to do something)
- 是謀非吾所能及也，無已，則有一焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  是谋非吾所能及也，无已，则有一焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Shì móu fēi wú suǒ néng jí yě, wúyǐ, zé yǒu yī yān. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

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