烏桓

See also: 乌桓

Chinese
 
a crow; black; not
a crow; black; not; empty; void
 surname; Sapindus mukurosiunexpected parameter: ver=191212
trad. (烏桓) 烏 桓
simp. (乌桓) 乌 桓
alternative forms 烏丸／乌丸

Etymology
“an ancient ethnic group”
Possibly related to Avar (Etymology 2) according to reconstructed Old Chinese pronunciation by Pulleyblank (1991).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 烏 桓
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 哀都切 胡官切
Baxter 'u hwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔuo/ /ɦuɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔuo/ /ɦʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔo/ /ɣuɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔɔ/ /ɦwan/
Li
Rong		 /ʔo/ /ɣuɑn/
Wang
Li		 /u/ /ɣuɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔuo/ /ɣuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wū huán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wu1 wun4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 烏 桓
Reading # 3/3 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wū huán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔu › ‹ hwan ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔˁa/ /*ɦʷˁar/ (< *[ɢ]ʷˁar)
English 烏桓, 烏丸 Wūhuán: Avars (W. Hàn) 烏桓 Wūhuán: Avars (W. Hàn)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 烏 桓
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 13077 14004
Phonetic
component		 烏 亘
Rime
group		 魚 元
Rime
subdivision		 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 烏 桓
Old
Chinese		 /*qaː/ /*ɡʷaːn/

Proper noun

烏桓

  1. Wuhuan, an ancient ethnic group in China
  2. (～山), Mount Wuhuan (a mountain in north of Ar Horqin Banner, Inner Mongolia, China)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
烏 桓
う
Jinmeiyō		 がん
Hyōgaiji
goon

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Chinese 烏桓／乌桓 (Wūhuán).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝɡã̠ɴ]

Proper noun

烏(う)桓(がん) • (Ugan) ←うぐわん (ugwan)?

  1. Wuhuan, an ancient ethnic group in China

Korean
Hanja in this term
烏桓

Proper noun

烏桓 • (Ohwan) (hangeul 오환)

  1. Hanja form? of 오환 (“Wuhuan, an ancient ethnic group in China”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
烏桓

Proper noun

烏桓

  1. chữ Hán form of Ô Hoàn (“Wuhuan, an ancient ethnic group in China”).
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