火鼠

Chinese
 
fire; angry; fierce
fire; angry; fierce; fiery; thriving
 rat; mouse
trad. (火鼠) 火 鼠
simp. #(火鼠) 火 鼠

Pronunciation

Noun

火鼠

  1. (Chinese mythology) fire rat or mouse (a mythological creature)
  2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) squirrel

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 松鼠 (“squirrel”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 松鼠, 栗鼠, 灰鼠
Taxonomic name 松鼠
Mandarin Beijing 松鼠兒
Taiwan 松鼠
Wanrong 圪獵
Xi'an 毛老鼠
Lanzhou 𦎠𦎑貓
Guiyang 松鼠
Guilin 松鼠
Singapore 松鼠
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 樹吊, 上樹吊
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 𦎠𦎑貓
Kokang 貂鼠
Cantonese Hong Kong 松鼠
Hakka Liancheng (Juxi) 搬家老鼠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 膨尾鼠
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 膨尾鼠
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 膨鼠
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 大尾鼠
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 膨鼠
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 膨尾鼠
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 膨尾鼠
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 膨尾鼠
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 膨鼠
Jin Taiyuan 圪猁
Pingyao 圪猁
Xinzhou 圪猁
Eastern Min Fuzhou 胡鼠, 松鼠
Southern Min Xiamen 膨鼠, 松鼠
Taipei (Wanhua) 膨鼠
New Taipei (Tamsui) 膨鼠
New Taipei (Pingxi) 膨尾鼠
Kaohsiung 膨鼠
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 膨鼠
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 膨鼠
Yilan 膨鼠
Yilan (Toucheng) 膨鼠
Changhua (Lukang) 膨鼠
Taichung 膨鼠
Taichung (Wuqi) 膨鼠
Tainan 膨鼠
Tainan (Anping) 膨鼠
Taitung 膨鼠
Hsinchu 膨鼠
Penghu (Magong) 膨鼠
Penghu (Xiyu) 膨鼠
Penang (Hokkien) 膨鼠
Singapore (Hokkien) 膨鼠, 飛鼠
Medan (Hokkien) 膨毛鼠
Singapore (Teochew) 杜排
Puxian Min Putian 田家老鼠
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 松鼠
Wu Shanghai 松鼠
Xiang Changsha 松鼠

Japanese
FWOTD – 20 April 2014

Etymology 1
火鼠 (hinezumi, kaso): woodblock print from the Wakan Sansai Zue (和漢三才図会)
Kanji in this term
火 鼠
ひ
Grade: 1		 ねずみ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Compound of Old Japanese elements 火 (hi, “fire”) +‎ 鼠 (nezumi, “rat, mouse”).[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ひね​ずみ [hìnéꜜzùmì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [çine̞zɨᵝmʲi]

Noun

火(ひ)鼠(ねずみ) • (hinezumi) 

  1. a fire-rat: an imaginary creature of ancient China resembling a white rat, thought to live in the volcanoes of the South China Sea and to have fireproof fur
    • 10th century: The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter
      唐土にある、火鼠の裘を給へ
      もろこしにある、ひねずみのかわごろもをたまえ
      Morokoshi ni aru, hinezumi no kawagoromo o tamae
      Get me the fur robe of the fire-rat in China...
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 火鼠(ひねずみ)の皮衣(かわごろも) (hinezumi no kawagoromo): asbestos cloth (literally, “fire-rat's fur robe”)
  • 火鼠(ひねずみ)の皮衣(かわぎぬ) (hinezumi no kawaginu): asbestos cloth (literally, “fire-rat's fur robe”)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
火 鼠
か
Grade: 1		 そ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

/kwaso/ → /kaso/

From Middle Chinese compound 火鼠 (MC xwaX syoX, literally “fire rat”). Date of borrowing unknown.

Pronunciation

Noun

火(か)鼠(そ) • (kaso) ←くわそ (kwaso)?

  1. a fire-rat (see above)
Usage notes

The hinezumi reading is more common.

References
  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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