杜鵑

See also: 杜鹃

Chinese

		fabricate; restrict; to prevent	cuckoo
trad. (杜鵑)		杜	鵑
simp. (杜鹃)		杜	鹃

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dùjuān

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˋ ㄐㄩㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dou⁶ gyun¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tō͘-koan
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶du-cioe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dùjuān
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˋ ㄐㄩㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dùjyuan
  - Wade–Giles: tu⁴-chüan¹
  - Yale: dù-jywān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duhjiuan
  - Palladius: дуцзюань (duczjuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dou⁶ gyun¹
  - Yale: douh gyūn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dou⁶ gyn¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dou⁶ gün¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tou̯²² kyːn⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō͘-koan
  - Tâi-lô: tōo-kuan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doxkoafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tɔ²²⁻²¹ kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁴¹⁻²² kuan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔ²²⁻²¹ kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tɔ³³⁻¹¹ kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔ³³⁻²¹ kuan⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶du-cioe
  - MiniDict: du^去 cioe
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³du-jyoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /du²² t͡ɕyø⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: duX kwen

Rime
Character	杜	鵑
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	徒古切	古玄切
Baxter	duX	kwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duo^X/	/kwen/
Pan Wuyun	/duo^X/	/kʷen/
Shao Rongfen	/do^X/	/kuɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɔ^X/	/kwɛn/
Li Rong	/do^X/	/kuen/
Wang Li	/du^X/	/kiwen/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuo^X/	/kiwen/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dù	juān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dou⁶	gyun¹

Noun

杜鵑

(～鳥) cuckoo (bird)
(～花) azalea and rhododendron, especially Rhododendron simsii

Synonyms

(cuckoo):

可穀／可谷 (dialectal)
姑姑蟲／姑姑虫 (gu¹ gu^1-3 cung¹) (Jin)
子規／子规 (zǐguī)
子規鳥／子规鸟 (zǐguīniǎo)
布穀／布谷 (bùgǔ)
布穀鳥／布谷鸟 (bùgǔniǎo)
杜宇 (dùyǔ) (literary)
杜鵑鳥／杜鹃鸟 (dùjuānniǎo)
種穀蟲兒／种谷虫儿 (Jin)
穀穀鳥／谷谷鸟 (dialectal)
豆仔鳥／豆仔鸟 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
陽雀子／阳雀子 (ian² cio⁶ zr) (Xiang)
鳲鳩／鸤鸠 (shījiū) (literary)

(azalea and rhododendron): 杜鵑花／杜鹃花 (dùjuānhuā), 映山紅／映山红 (yìngshānhóng), 滿山紅／满山红 (mǎnshānhóng), 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú)

Derived terms

杜鵑啼血／杜鹃啼血
杜鵑窩／杜鹃窝
杜鵑花／杜鹃花 (dùjuānhuā)
杜鵑鳥／杜鹃鸟 (dùjuānniǎo)
武鳴杜鵑／武鸣杜鹃 (Wǔmíng dùjuān)
臺灣杜鵑／台湾杜鹃

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (杜鵑):

→ Japanese: 杜(と)鵑(けん) (token)
→ Korean: 두견(杜鵑) (dugyeon)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
杜	鵑
ほととぎす
Jinmeiyō	Hyōgaiji
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 杜鵑 – see the following entry.

【ほととぎすホトトギス】

[noun] the lesser cuckoo, Cuculus poliocephalus

Alternative spellings
子規, 時鳥, 杜宇, 田鵑, 蜀魂, 郭公, 不如帰

(This term, 杜鵑, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
杜	鵑
と Jinmeiyō	けん Hyōgaiji
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 杜鵑 (MC duX kwen).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とけん [tòkéń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [to̞kẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

杜(と)鵑(けん) • (token)

the lesser cuckoo, Cuculus poliocephalus

Derived terms

杜鵑花(とけんか) (tokenka)

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
杜	鵑

Noun

杜鵑 • (dugyeon) (hangeul 두견)

Hanja form^? of 두견 (“cuckoo, azalea”).

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